BSMCON NUR 2102 TEST 2 (Hair, skin, nails) Questions and Answers

Early signs of melanoma - Answer-A- asymmetry B- border C- color D- diameter E- elevation F- feeling Primary function of the skin - Answer-Protection Perception Temperature regulation Secondary functions of the skin - Answer-Communication Synthesis of vitamin D Body image Identification Prevents penetration Wound repair Absorption/excretion Different types of colors the skin may be - Answer-Cyanosis Pallor Jaundice Hypopigmentation HyperpigmentationNormal findings of skin - Answer-Pigmented nevi Freckles Patch Striae Abnormal findings of the skin - Answer-Melanoma Vitiligo What to palpate on the skin - Answer-Texture Temperature Moisture Turgor Thickness Normal palpating of the skin - Answer-Texture- smooth, soft, intact Temperature- warm Mobility & turgor- rapid recoil Thickness- varies based on age Wood's light - Answer-Magnifier, light, ultraviolet light to detect fluorescing lesions (used to detect fungus) Normal findings in the hair - Answer-Smooth Shiny, soft Consistent balding pattern Name the different types of drainage - Answer-Serous- clear, watery, straw colored, rise of protein in tissue Serosanguineous- liquid blood (almost pink like)Sanguineous- bright red blood, to blood vessel, occur in cleaning of wound Purulent- green/yellow, may have odor Name the different shapes of lesions - Answer-Round/oval Annular Iris Gyrate Name the different patterns of lesions - Answer-Singular Grouped/clustered Polycyclic Confluent Linear Zosteriform Generalized annular/circular ex. Eczema, ringworm, insect bite - Answer-Name this shape Target (iris) ex. Lyme disease, erythema, multi force - Answer-Name this shape (aka bulls eye lesion) Gyrate ex. Urticaria, erythema annular sentifugum - Answer-Name this shape (refers to twisted, coiled or spirallike lesions) Discrete ex. Nevi or insect bite - Answer-Name this shape (single lesion that remains separate)Grouped ex. Herpes simplex, impetigo - Answer-Name this shape (grouped or clustered) Polycyclic ex. Tinea corporis, urticaria - Answer-Name this shape (annual lesions that come in contact with one another as they spread. Refers to oval lesions containing more than one ring) Confluent Ex. Pityriasis rosea - Answer-Name this shape (lesions that merge and run together for large areas) Linear ex. Poison ivy, contact dermatitis - Answer-Name this shape (lesion that forms a straight line) Zosteriform ex. Herpes zoster - Answer-Name this shape (a descriptive term that implies a linear arrangement along a nerve) Macule (primary) flat, areas of hyperpigmentation/hypopigmentation or vascular abnormality, usually round but may be oval/irregular - Answer-Name this lesion primary? or secondary? or vascular? describe Papule (primary) elevated, 1 to 5 mm in diameter (ex. Elevated nevi, skin tag, wart, cherry angioma) - Answer-Name this lesion primary? or secondary? or vascular? describe Nodule (primary)elevated, usually solid, measure roughly between 1 to 2 cm in diameter, may be located only in epidermis or may extend into dermis or subcutaneous (ex. Fibromas, neurofibromas) - Answer-Name this lesion primary? or secondary? or vascular? describe Wheal (primary) solid elevation formed by local/superficial/transient edema, white to pink or pale red in color, compressible, evanescent, often disappears within a period of hours, vary in size (ex. Insect bites, various forms of urticaria, allergic reactions) - Answer-Name this lesion primary? or secondary? or vascular? describe Vesicle (primary) sharply circumscribed, elevated, fluid-contained, measures <1 cm in diameter (ex. Lesions of herpes varicella and contact dermatitis) - Answer-Name this lesion primary? or secondary? or vascular? describe Bulla (primary) fluid filled, >1 cm (ex. Burn, contact dermatitis) - Answer-Name this lesion primary? or secondary? or vascular? describe Cyst (primary) Nodule >2 cm, elevated, in dermis or subcutaneous layer, filled with liquid or semisolid material (ex. Lipoma, Batholin's cyst) - Answer-Name this lesion primary? or secondary? or vascular?describe Pustule (primary) Elevated, contain purulent exudate, similar to vesicle but filled with purulent fluid (ex. Pustules- acne) - Answer-Name this lesion primary? or secondary? or vascular? describe Crust (secondary) result of dried remains or serum/blood/pus/exudate overlying areas of lost or damaged epidermis (ex. 3rd degree burns, in lesions of weeping ecxematous dermatitis, or as honey-colored lesions of impetigo) - Answer-Name this lesion primary? or secondary? or vascular? describe Scale (secondary) Formed by accumulation of compact desquamation layers of stratum, may be greasy and yellow in color (seborrheic dermatitis) silvery and mica-like in color (psoriasis) fine and barely visible (pityriasis Alba or tinea versicolor) or large adherent and lamellar (in various forms of ichthyosis) - Answer-Name this lesion primary? or secondary? or vascular? describe Fissure (secondary) Dry or moist linear, painful, cleavage in cutaneous surface, results from drying and long-standing inflammation/thickening/loss of elasticity of integument (May appear in chronic dermatoses and calluses of the hand and feet aka Athlete's foot) - Answer-Name this lesion primary? or secondary? or vascular? describeErosion (secondary) slightly moist, depressed vesicular lesions, part or all of the epidermis has been lost or denuded, healing occurs without subsequent scars (because it doesn't go deeper than epidermis) (ex. Herpes simplex, varicella, candidiasis) - Answer-Name this lesion primary? or secondary? or vascular? describe Ulcer (secondary) loss of epidermis and dermis, concave (ex. Pressure ulcer, syphillis chancre, stasis ulcer) - Answer-Name this lesion primary? or secondary? or vascular? describe Excoriation (secondary) traumatized or abraded superficial loss of skin causes by scratching/rubbing/scrubbing of the cutaneous surface (ex. Abrasion or scratch) - Answer-Name this lesion primary? or secondary? or vascular? describe