Behavioral Assessment Final Exam Questions and Answers 2024

Behavioral Assessment Final Exam Questions and Answers 2024 What is the role of behavioral assessment for target behavior identification (interview, checklists, tests, anecdotal observation, ecological assessment) - ANSWER- interview - identify environmental events that correlate with target behavior checklists - descriptions of behavior and conditions in which they are likely to occur tests - a direct measure of an individual's performance ecological assessment - descriptive data of pbx and how to alleviate it What are some considerations for determining the social significance of the target behavior - ANSWER- One should judge the target behavior within the context of habilitation and relevance of behavior - prerequisite for useful skill - increase the likelihood that the client will access - environments which other behaviors can be learned - predispose others to interact with the client in a supportive manner Habilitation - ANSWER- the degree to which the person's repertoire maximizes short and long term reinforcers for that individual and for others and minimizes short and long term punishers relevance of behavior - ANSWER- a behavior should only be selected if the behavior is likely to produce reinforcement in the natural environment. How should a target behavior be defined and why is it important - ANSWER- objective, clear, readable, unambiguous, complete, and delineate as to what should be included and excluded. It is important because is will limit the opportunity for observers to use their judgement. What is a behavioral cusp? Why might it be important to identify a behavioral cusp for an individual? - ANSWER- A cusp is a behavior change that has consequences for the organism beyond the change itself, some of which may be considered important. What is social validity - ANSWER- refers to the social significance of the goals, social appropriateness of the procedures, social importance of the effects provide and example of social significance - ANSWER- determining wheat conversation skills of adolescent girls is relevant. Determining which play skills for a toddler is relevant to developing social skills provide an example of social appropriateness - ANSWER- determining if restitution is procedures are more acceptable than time-out, shock, or punishment. Determining if a hands-down procedure is more acceptable to caregivers than allowing the patient to engage in stereotypy provide and example of social importance - ANSWER- parents and teachers reporting that a child's behavior improved when objective data indicated that the student exemplified appropriate behavior at school, vocational sites, and in the community. What are personal liberties - ANSWER- freedom of speech, freedom of religion, and additional rights guaranteed by the constitution Describe an argument opposing the right of the right of choice - ANSWER- individuals with developmental disabilities often make bad choices. People who do not have a repertoire of skills and do not the consequences of their behavior require intensive teaching in these areas before being allowed to choose. Allowing this freedom may hinder their acquisition of critically important living skills. Describe an argument in favor of the right of choice - ANSWER- People with disabilities are guaranteed the same basic rights as other citizens in the same country and age. Clients should practice the skills of choosing to better prepare them to live in an environment where they are expected to make choices. What are the author's suggestions for balancing habilitation with the right of choice? - ANSWER- teaching independent living skills that are preferred by the client. Clients should be taught how to make choices both simple and complex Hanley et. al 2005: Describe the procedures and results of the assessment of treatment preference - ANSWER- When children were give the opportunity to select behavioral interventions, they chose the intervention that involved the reinforcement procedure for an alternate response and punishment procedure for problem behavior Dickson et. al (CSA) What is a social validity assessment - ANSWER- it consists of a questionnaire designed to gather information about opinions on the acceptability of goals and procedures of an intervention. The purpose of the assessment is to gather information that will help the clinician applied - ANSWER- The behavior, stimuli, or organism under study are chosen because of their importance to man and society rather than their importance to theory. behavioral - ANSWER- How it is possible to get an individual to do something effectively analytic - ANSWER- Requires a believable demonstration of the event that can be responsible for the occurrence or non-occurrence of that behavior. One has a achieved an analysis of a behavior when he can exercise control of it. technological - ANSWER- Techniques making up a particular behavioral application are completely identified and described conceptual systems - ANSWER- Published descriptions of procedures strive for relevance to principle. The descriptions show the reader how similar procedures may be derived from basic principles effective - ANSWER- its practical importance, specifically its power in altering behavior enough to be socially important, it is the essential criterion generality - ANSWER- if it proves durable over time. It appears in a wide variety of possible environments or spreads to variety of relatable behavior What is a limitation of a single stimulus preference assessment - ANSWER- not all stimuli identified as preferred were equally effective reinforcers Piazza et. al 1996 Describe the procedure and the response measurement for the comparing items preference assessment - ANSWER- During each session, four stimuli were presented five times each in randomly determined order for a total of 20 stimulus presentations. Stimuli were presented one at a time. Before each stimulus presentation trial, the client was allowed to sample the item for 10 seconds. The dependent measure was SIB. Paired Stimulus Preference Assessment - ANSWER- A limitation of the single-stimulus preference assessment is that not all stimuli identified as preferred were equally effective as reinforcers. The paired-stimulus method may better differentiate preferred from non-preferred method compared to the Pace procedure because it more closely approximated the natural situations in which an individual chooses between potentially available stimuli through differential responding Kelley et. al Describe each of the pre-assessments and how the authors used the results for attention assessments - ANSWER- One pre-assessment technique consisted of a social stimuli questionnaire that consisted of open-ended and closed-ended components with stimulus categories. A second technique consisted of collecting four fifteen-minute video samples of participants across different activities to identify frequently delivered forms of attention. Kelly et. al Describe the paired stimulus preference assessment - ANSWER- In the paired stimulus preference assessment, 7 pictures that represent various forms of attention as well as a blank control picture were presented to the participant in pairs. Attention was delivered within 2-5 seconds of touching the indicated picture. No attention was delivered if the participant touched the control. Attempts to touch two pictures at once were blocked. Kelley et. al Describe the single stimulus preference assessment - ANSWER- During the single stimulus reinforcer assessment, a single picture was placed on the board and the experimenter stated the form of attention. The number target touches to the picture was recorded. No attention was delivered following touching the control picture. Fisher et. all Describe the outcome of the reinforcer assessment. What do the results tell us about the RAISD - ANSWER- Agreement between predicted and actual preference was low and not statistically significant when caregivers were asked to rank order a standard list of potential reinforcers. When caregivers were asked to rank order a list of potential reinforcers that they had generated through a structured interview, the level of agreement with a choice assessment was low but statistically significant. Stimuli identified from the choice assessment and caregiver interview were more potent reinforcers than stimuli identified from the choice assessment with the standard stimuli. Caregiver report when used to rank a standard set of stimuli is not a very accurate method of identifying reinforcers. Caregiver opinion alone is insufficient for accurate reinforcer identification. limitation of free operant - ANSWER- A limitation of the free operant format is that exclusive interaction with one item would provide little information about preference for other items in the array