Nursing 3100 - Unit 4 Exam Questions With 100% Verified Answers

Nursing 3100 - Unit 4 Exam Questions With 100% Verified Answers Pathogenicity - answerability to cause disease virulence - answerdegree of pathogenicity invasiveness - answerability of a bacterial pathogen to rapidly spread through tissue and cause destruction to surrounding tissue exotoxins - answerProteins *ex*creted by bacteria with power to inactivate or kill host cells endotoxins - answerchemical components of the cell walls of certain bacteria At bacterial death, *endotoxins are released* causing inflammation, fever, chills bacteria differentiation - answerstaining (gram +/-) shape oxygen use (an/aerobic) Broad-spectrum drugs - answerattack many different pathogens Narrow-spectrum drugs - answerattack only a few different pathogens based on bacteria differentiation Gram positive bacteria - answer*thick* cell wall *positive* keeps *p*urple color Gram negative bacteria - answer*thin* cell wall *negative* loses color Bacterial shapes - bacilli - answerrod shaped Bacterial shapes - cocci - answerspherical Bacterial shapes - spirilla - answerspiral Aerobic bacteria - answerBacteria that require oxygen for survival Anaerobic bacteria - answerBacteria that grow or survive in absence of oxygen Bacteriocidal - answeranti-infective that kills bacteria Bacteriostatic - answeranti-infective that slows/stops bacterial growth Acquired resistance - answerresistance that develops through mutation or acquisition of new genes how does acquired resistance occur? - answer-improper use of anti-infectives -bacterial mutation How to prevent bacterial resistance - answer-prevent infection -correct diagnosis/treatment -finish medication schedule -don't over-prescribe -prevent pathogen transmission HAI - Health-care Associated Infection - answer"nocosomial" -acquired in health care setting -#1 - UTI -surgical wound -respiratory tract -bacteremia Four sources of HAI - answer-patient flora -invasive devices (cath) -med. personnel -med. environ. MRSA - answermethicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus -resistant to penicillin -acquired in hospitals/ LTC/ community VRE - answervancomycin resistant enterococcus -normal in GI & female genital tract -found in wounds/ pressure ulcers -pts w/ compromised immunity at risk