Anatomy Test 1 Enzymes-Questions and Answers Graded A+

Anatomy Test 1 Enzymes-Questions and Answers Graded A+ enzymes are - ANSWER-proteins all enzymes are ____ _____ (runs chemical reactions) - ANSWER-biological catalysts properties of a biological catalyst - ANSWER-1. increases the rate of the reaction without the addition of chemicals or a change in temp 2. the enzyme is not changed at the end of the reaction 3. does not change the final product or nature of the reaction addition of the enzyme will not give ____ products - ANSWER-different enzymes cannot make a reaction occur that would not - ANSWER-occur in nature what is the suffix that all enzymes are named with after 1972? - ANSWER-ase enzymes are named according to their ___ or __________ - ANSWER-function, function and substrate each different type of enzyme has a very specific 3 dimensional structure called its - ANSWER-conformational structure enzymes must have an ___ ____ to function correctly - ANSWER-exact folding binding site for substrate; substrate converted to product - ANSWER-active site the rate at which the enzyme converts substrate to product - ANSWER-reaction rate (activity) disruption of conformational structure - ANSWER-denaturation loss of enzyme activity due to loss of proper active site shape - ANSWER-denaturation what two factors affect the shape of the active site? - ANSWER-cofactor, coenzyme usually a metal ion (mineral in our diet) that is bound to an enzyme in order to maintain the correct shape of the active site - ANSWER-cofactor an organic group that is required by some enzymes to maintain the correct shape of the active site (vitamin that has been modified by the liver) - ANSWER-coenzyme the protein part of the holoenzyme that is separate from the cofactor and the coenzyme (without) - ANSWER-apoenzyme functional enzyme formed by the combination of the apoenzyme plus the needed cofactors and/or coenzymes (with) - ANSWER-holoenzyme What three factors affects the activity of an enzyme? - ANSWER-substrate concentration, temperature, pH