Assessment Technologies Institute (ATI) Nursing Education program ATI Medical Surgical Exam 2024 ATI Medical -
Surgical Questions and Answers A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and reports difficulty following the diet and remembering to take the prescribed medication. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to promote client compliance? (Select all that apply.) A. Recommend a referral to the dietitian to assist with meal planning. B. Contact the client’s support system. C. Collect data regarding age-related cognitive awareness. D. Encourage the use of a daily medication dispenser. E. Review provided educational materials for home use. Recommend a referral to the dietitian to assist with meal planning. Assist with providing resources to strengthen coping abilities by recommending a referral to the dietitian to assist the client with meal planning. This will improve client compliance. Contact the client’s support system. With the client’s consent, contact members of the client’s support system and encourage the client to use this support during times of illness and stress to improve compliance. Encourage the use of a daily medication dispenser . Encourage the use of a daily medication dispenser to reduce health risks and improve medication compliance by the client. Review provided educational materials for home use. Review provided educational materials with the client to improve health awareness and reduce health risks after discharge. Collecting data regarding age -related cognitive awareness is important but it is not an appropriate intervention that enhances the client’s compliance. A nurse is assisting with the evaluation of the level of wellness for clients using the illness -
wellness continuum tool. The nurse should identify which of the following clients as being at the center of the continuum? A. A college student who has influenza. B. An older adult who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. C. A new mother who has a urinary tract infection. D. A young male client who has a long history of well-controlled rheumatoid arthritis. A young male client who has a long history of well -controlled rheumatoid arthritis . The client who has well -controlled rheumatoid arthritis is measured at the center of the continuum, which is the client’s normal state of health. The client who has influenza is measured on the continuum by the level of health to illness in comparison to the norm for the client. Assessment Technologies Institute (ATI) Nursing Education program ATI Medical Surgical Exam 2024 The client who is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus is measured by the level of health to illness in comparison to the norm for the client. The client who has a urinary tract infection is measured on the continuum by the level of health to illness in comparison to the norm for the client. A nurse is assisting with the evaluation of clients at a health fair for modifiable variables affecting health and wellness. The nurse should identify which of the following variables as modifiable? (Select all that apply.) E. Smoking on social occasions. F. BMI of 28. G. Alopecia. H. Trisomy 21. I. History of reflux. Smoking on social occasions . Smoking is a modifiable variable that a client can change. Review provided educational materials and information on smoking cessation with the client. BMI of 28. A BMI of 28 is a modifiable variable that a client can change. Review provided educational materials and information on weight reduction and exercising with the client. History of reflux . Reflux is a modifiable variable that a client can change. Review the step -by-step educational information about treatment with the client. Alopecia is a non-modifiable variable because alopecia is a genetic disorder . Trisomy 21 is a non-modifiable variable because Trisomy 21 is genetic in origin . A nurse is caring for a client who was just informed of a new diagnosis of breast cancer. Which of the following statements by the client reflects a lack of understanding of an illness perspective? J. “I have no family history of breast cancer.” K. “I need a second opinion. There is no lump.” L. “I am glad we live in the city near several large hospitals.” M. “I will schedule surgery next week, over the holidays.” “I need a second opinion. There is no lump.” The client’s statement of denial reflects a lack of understanding of the illness perspective and can influence the client’s acceptance of the diagnosis. The client’s lack of a family history of cancer can influence the client’s response to the new diagnosis, but it does not reflect a lack of understanding of an illness perspective. Access to health care resources can influence the client’s response to the new diagnosis, but it does not reflect a lack of understanding of an illness perspective. Time constraints can influence a client’s response to the diagnosis, but it does not reflect a lack of understanding of an illness perspective. Assessment Technologies Institute (ATI) Nursing Education program ATI Medical Surgical Exam 2024 A nurse on a medical -surgical unit is caring for a group of clients. The nurse should notify the rapid response team for which of the following clients? A. Client who has a pressure injury and blood glucose is 300 mg/dL. B. Client who develops an irregular heart beat and decreased loss of consciousness. C. Client who reports a sore throat after an endoscopy. D. Client who reports increased pain from a kidney stone. Client who develops an irregular heart beat and decreased loss of consciousness. This client is experiencing a rapid change in condition that could be life -threatening. Notify the Rapid Response team or charge nurse. This client requires antidiabetic medication but is not experiencing a rapid decline in condition. This client is experiencing an expected effect of a procedure. This client is experiencing expected manifestations rather than a rapid decline in condition. A nurse is caring for a client who has ingested a toxic agent. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? (Select all that apply.) E. Induce vomiting. F. Instill activated charcoal. G. Perform a gastric lavage with aspiration. H. Administer syrup of ipecac. I. Administer a cathartic. Instill activated charcoal. Activated charcoal absorbs toxic substances, and the charcoal does not pass into the bloodstream. Perform a gastric lavage with aspiration . Gastric lavage with aspiration removes the toxic substance when the instilled fluid is suctioned from the gastrointestinal tract. Administer a cathartic . Cathartic medications, such as sorbitol, help eliminate poison through the bowels. Vomiting places the client at risk for aspiration. Administering syrup of ipecac is not recommended because it induces vomiting, which increases the client’s risk for aspiration. Assessment Technologies Institute (ATI) Nursing Education program ATI Medical Surgical Exam 2024 A nurse in a clinic is caring for a client who has been exposed to freezing temperatures for several hours and is alert and talking. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.) J. Remove wet clothing. K. Ensure the room temperature is 23.9º C (75º F). L. Apply warm blankets. M. Arrange for transport to an emergency department. N. Check the client’s temperature. Remove wet clothing . Body temperature can rise more quickly when heat is applied to dry skin. Apply warm blankets. The client’s body temperature can rise more quickly when warm blankets are applied. Arrange for transport to an emergency department. The client requires further testing and observation to detect the degree of hyperthermia, because of the risk for cardiac abnormalities . Check the client’s temperature. Check the client’s temperature to determine the impact of the exposure to freezing temperatures. Increase the temperature of the room to help return the client to a normal body temperature. A nurse encounters an unresponsive client during a walk. The client’s partner states, “He was pulling weeds in the yard and slumped to the ground.” W hich of the following techniques should the nurse use to open the client’s airway? O. Head -tilt, chin-lift. P. Modified jaw thrust. Q. Hyperextension of the head. R. Flexion of the head. Head -tilt, chin-lift. Open the client’s airway by the head -tilt, chin -lift because the client is unresponsive without suspicion of trauma. Do not open the client’s airway with the modified jaw thrust because this method is used for a client who is unresponsive with suspected traumatic neck injury. Do not open the client’s airway with hyperextension of the head because hyperextension of the head can close off the airway and cause injury. Do not open the client’s airway with flexion of the head because flexion of the head does not open the airway. A nurse witnesses a visitor fall to the ground. The visitor appears unresponsive. After calling for help and ensuring the visitor has a patent airway, which of the following actions should the nurse take next following ABCDE principles? S. Attempt to palpate a carotid pulse. T. Look to see if the chest rises and falls. U. Scan the body for visible injury.
Surgical Questions and Answers A nurse is caring for a client who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and reports difficulty following the diet and remembering to take the prescribed medication. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to promote client compliance? (Select all that apply.) A. Recommend a referral to the dietitian to assist with meal planning. B. Contact the client’s support system. C. Collect data regarding age-related cognitive awareness. D. Encourage the use of a daily medication dispenser. E. Review provided educational materials for home use. Recommend a referral to the dietitian to assist with meal planning. Assist with providing resources to strengthen coping abilities by recommending a referral to the dietitian to assist the client with meal planning. This will improve client compliance. Contact the client’s support system. With the client’s consent, contact members of the client’s support system and encourage the client to use this support during times of illness and stress to improve compliance. Encourage the use of a daily medication dispenser . Encourage the use of a daily medication dispenser to reduce health risks and improve medication compliance by the client. Review provided educational materials for home use. Review provided educational materials with the client to improve health awareness and reduce health risks after discharge. Collecting data regarding age -related cognitive awareness is important but it is not an appropriate intervention that enhances the client’s compliance. A nurse is assisting with the evaluation of the level of wellness for clients using the illness -
wellness continuum tool. The nurse should identify which of the following clients as being at the center of the continuum? A. A college student who has influenza. B. An older adult who has a new diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. C. A new mother who has a urinary tract infection. D. A young male client who has a long history of well-controlled rheumatoid arthritis. A young male client who has a long history of well -controlled rheumatoid arthritis . The client who has well -controlled rheumatoid arthritis is measured at the center of the continuum, which is the client’s normal state of health. The client who has influenza is measured on the continuum by the level of health to illness in comparison to the norm for the client. Assessment Technologies Institute (ATI) Nursing Education program ATI Medical Surgical Exam 2024 The client who is newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus is measured by the level of health to illness in comparison to the norm for the client. The client who has a urinary tract infection is measured on the continuum by the level of health to illness in comparison to the norm for the client. A nurse is assisting with the evaluation of clients at a health fair for modifiable variables affecting health and wellness. The nurse should identify which of the following variables as modifiable? (Select all that apply.) E. Smoking on social occasions. F. BMI of 28. G. Alopecia. H. Trisomy 21. I. History of reflux. Smoking on social occasions . Smoking is a modifiable variable that a client can change. Review provided educational materials and information on smoking cessation with the client. BMI of 28. A BMI of 28 is a modifiable variable that a client can change. Review provided educational materials and information on weight reduction and exercising with the client. History of reflux . Reflux is a modifiable variable that a client can change. Review the step -by-step educational information about treatment with the client. Alopecia is a non-modifiable variable because alopecia is a genetic disorder . Trisomy 21 is a non-modifiable variable because Trisomy 21 is genetic in origin . A nurse is caring for a client who was just informed of a new diagnosis of breast cancer. Which of the following statements by the client reflects a lack of understanding of an illness perspective? J. “I have no family history of breast cancer.” K. “I need a second opinion. There is no lump.” L. “I am glad we live in the city near several large hospitals.” M. “I will schedule surgery next week, over the holidays.” “I need a second opinion. There is no lump.” The client’s statement of denial reflects a lack of understanding of the illness perspective and can influence the client’s acceptance of the diagnosis. The client’s lack of a family history of cancer can influence the client’s response to the new diagnosis, but it does not reflect a lack of understanding of an illness perspective. Access to health care resources can influence the client’s response to the new diagnosis, but it does not reflect a lack of understanding of an illness perspective. Time constraints can influence a client’s response to the diagnosis, but it does not reflect a lack of understanding of an illness perspective. Assessment Technologies Institute (ATI) Nursing Education program ATI Medical Surgical Exam 2024 A nurse on a medical -surgical unit is caring for a group of clients. The nurse should notify the rapid response team for which of the following clients? A. Client who has a pressure injury and blood glucose is 300 mg/dL. B. Client who develops an irregular heart beat and decreased loss of consciousness. C. Client who reports a sore throat after an endoscopy. D. Client who reports increased pain from a kidney stone. Client who develops an irregular heart beat and decreased loss of consciousness. This client is experiencing a rapid change in condition that could be life -threatening. Notify the Rapid Response team or charge nurse. This client requires antidiabetic medication but is not experiencing a rapid decline in condition. This client is experiencing an expected effect of a procedure. This client is experiencing expected manifestations rather than a rapid decline in condition. A nurse is caring for a client who has ingested a toxic agent. Which of the following actions should the nurse plan to take? (Select all that apply.) E. Induce vomiting. F. Instill activated charcoal. G. Perform a gastric lavage with aspiration. H. Administer syrup of ipecac. I. Administer a cathartic. Instill activated charcoal. Activated charcoal absorbs toxic substances, and the charcoal does not pass into the bloodstream. Perform a gastric lavage with aspiration . Gastric lavage with aspiration removes the toxic substance when the instilled fluid is suctioned from the gastrointestinal tract. Administer a cathartic . Cathartic medications, such as sorbitol, help eliminate poison through the bowels. Vomiting places the client at risk for aspiration. Administering syrup of ipecac is not recommended because it induces vomiting, which increases the client’s risk for aspiration. Assessment Technologies Institute (ATI) Nursing Education program ATI Medical Surgical Exam 2024 A nurse in a clinic is caring for a client who has been exposed to freezing temperatures for several hours and is alert and talking. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all that apply.) J. Remove wet clothing. K. Ensure the room temperature is 23.9º C (75º F). L. Apply warm blankets. M. Arrange for transport to an emergency department. N. Check the client’s temperature. Remove wet clothing . Body temperature can rise more quickly when heat is applied to dry skin. Apply warm blankets. The client’s body temperature can rise more quickly when warm blankets are applied. Arrange for transport to an emergency department. The client requires further testing and observation to detect the degree of hyperthermia, because of the risk for cardiac abnormalities . Check the client’s temperature. Check the client’s temperature to determine the impact of the exposure to freezing temperatures. Increase the temperature of the room to help return the client to a normal body temperature. A nurse encounters an unresponsive client during a walk. The client’s partner states, “He was pulling weeds in the yard and slumped to the ground.” W hich of the following techniques should the nurse use to open the client’s airway? O. Head -tilt, chin-lift. P. Modified jaw thrust. Q. Hyperextension of the head. R. Flexion of the head. Head -tilt, chin-lift. Open the client’s airway by the head -tilt, chin -lift because the client is unresponsive without suspicion of trauma. Do not open the client’s airway with the modified jaw thrust because this method is used for a client who is unresponsive with suspected traumatic neck injury. Do not open the client’s airway with hyperextension of the head because hyperextension of the head can close off the airway and cause injury. Do not open the client’s airway with flexion of the head because flexion of the head does not open the airway. A nurse witnesses a visitor fall to the ground. The visitor appears unresponsive. After calling for help and ensuring the visitor has a patent airway, which of the following actions should the nurse take next following ABCDE principles? S. Attempt to palpate a carotid pulse. T. Look to see if the chest rises and falls. U. Scan the body for visible injury.
