WGU C715 ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR with 100% correct answers already graded A+

The hereditary approach states what? An individual's personality is determined by molecular structure of genes. hereditary determined at time of conception Myers-Briggs Type Indicator Most widely used personality test that includes Extroverted (E) versus Introverted (I), Sensing (S) versus Intuitive (N), Thinking (T) versus Feeling (F), Judging (J) versus Perceiving (P What is the major problem with the Myers-Briggs personality test? It forces a person to be categorized as either one type or another. Big 5 Personality Traits Openness, Conscientiousness, Agreeableness, Extroversion, Emotional stability. Among all Big 5 personality traits, which one is most consistently related to job performance? conscientiousness narcissism The tendency to be arrogant, have a grandiose sense of self-importance, require excessive admiration, and have a sense of entitlement. Individuals scoring ________ have a strong ability to adjust their behavior to external, situational factors and can behave differently in different situations. high on self-monitoring People with proactive personalities do what? They are more likely than others to be seen as leaders. What is true of values? They have content and intensity attributes. What is an instrumental value? A method of behaviors that get you to the end result like personal discipline. What is a terminal value? Where you are trying to end up such as social recognition. What are John Holland's six personality types? realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, conventional. (remember investigative) With reference to Hofstede's framework, which country scores the highest in individualism? United States What is perception? A process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment. What are the three factors that influence perception? Situation, perceiver, target attributional theory when we observe someone's behavior, we attempt to determine whether it was caused by internal or external factors. what is the difference between intrinsic and extrinsic? Intrinsic is inside you (fits the pattern) and extrinsic is outside you (breaks the pattern). dispositional attribution attributing behavior to the person's disposition and traits (internal) situational attribution attributing a behavior to some external cause or factor operating within the situation (an external attribution like environment) Three determinants of attributions are? distinctiveness, consensus, and consistency What is the fundamental attribution error? The tendency to underestimate the influence of external factors and overestimate the influence of internal factors when making judgments about the behavior of others. (behavior of others) What is self-serving bias? The tendency for individuals to attribute their own successes to internal factors and put the blame for failures on external factors. (behavior of yourself) What is selective perception? The tendency to selectively interpret what one sees on the basis of one's interests, background, experience, and attitudes. What is the Halo effect? The tendency to draw a general impression about an individual on the basis of a single characteristic. What is a self-fulfilling prophecy? A situation in which a person inaccurately perceives a second person, and the resulting expectations cause the second person to behave in ways consistent with the original perception. What is the contrast effect? Evaluation of a person's characteristics that is affected by comparisons with other people recently encountered who rank higher or lower on the same characteristics. What is stereotyping? Judging someone on the basis on one's perception of the group to which that person belongs. What is the rational decision making model? A decision-making model that describes how individuals should behave in order to maximize some outcomes. What is bounded rationality? A process of making decisions by constructing simplified models that extract the essential features from problems without capturing all their complexity. What is intuition decision making? An unconscious process distilled out of distilled experience (gut instinct). What is over-confident bias? Being over-confident in your own abilities. What is an anchoring bias? A tendency to fixate on initial information from which one then fails to adequately adjust for subsequent information. What is confirmation bias? The tendency to seek out information that reaffirms past choices and to discount information that contradicts past judgments. What is availability bias? The tendency to mistakenly judge items that are more readily available in memory as having occurred more frequently. What is escalation of commitment bias? The tendency to stick to an ineffective course of action when it is unlikely that the bad situation can be reversed. What is utilitarianism? Greatest good for the greatest number of people. What is true regarding perception? Our perception of reality can be different from that of objective reality. What is locus of control? The extent to which individuals believe how much control they have over their lives. What is the difference between internal or external cause? Internal is something you caused, external is something you have no control over. You are more likely to notice a car like your own due to what? Selective perception Rose needs to give a presentation to the board of directors of her organization next week. She knows that her presentation will play an important role in her performance appraisal in the next quarter. However, she knows that two of her colleagues, John and Keith, will also be giving a presentation on the same issue. She is nervous because she believes that men have a better flair for giving presentations. Rose's perception of John and Keith is most likely characterized by ________. stereotyping A process of making decisions by constructing simplified models that extract the essential features from problems without knowing their complexity is known as? bounded rationality Individuals who report unethical practices by their employers to outsiders are known as? whistle blowers What are the three elements of motivation? What are the processes that account for an individual's intensity, direction and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal? motivation What are Maslow's hierarchy of 5 needs? Physiological, safety, social, esteem and self-actualization (until each need is substantially satisfied, we can't move to the next need) What theory assumes the average person dislikes work and will avoid it if possible. Therefore, people must be forced, controlled, and threatened with punishment to accomplish organizational goals. Theory X (negative)