Pathophysiology - Exam 1 Questions With Complete Solutions

After reading the case discussion on BPH, which is the more accurate term - hypertrophy or hyperplasia? Why? Correct Answer-Hyperplasia; histologic evidence of proliferation of the epithelial and stomal cells BPH is considered a normal part of the aging process in men and is hormonally dependent on the production of ________. Correct Answer-Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone Because the surrounding capsule of the prostate does not expand radially as the prostate enlarges, urethral compression may potentially occur. The compression of the urethra leads to smooth-muscle-cell hypertrophy in the bladder making the contractile force increase causing voiding dysfunction. In this stance, the voiding dysfunction is termed ________. Correct Answer-Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) Which is not a risk of bladder outlet obstruction due to BPH? Correct Answer-Bladder cancer Many molecular mechanisms mediate cellular adaptation. Some are factors produced by other cells and some by the cells themselves. These mechanisms depend largely on signals transmitted by chemical messengers that exert their effects by altering the function of a gene. Many adaptive cellular responses alter the expression of "differentiation" genes. What can cells do because of this? Correct Answer-A cell is able to change size or form without compromising its normal function. After reading the case discussion on BPH, which is the more accurate term - hypertrophy or hyperplasia? Why? Correct Answer-Hyperplasia; histologic evidence of proliferation of the epithelial and stomal cells BPH is considered a normal part of the aging process in men and is hormonally dependent on the production of ________. Correct Answer-Testosterone and dihydrotestosterone Because the surrounding capsule of the prostate does not expand radially as the prostate enlarges, urethral compression may potentially occur. The compression of the urethra leads to smooth-muscle-cell hypertrophy in the bladder making the contractile force increase causing voiding dysfunction. In this stance, the voiding dysfunction is termed ________. Correct Answer-Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) Which is not a risk of bladder outlet obstruction due to BPH? Correct Answer-Bladder cancer Many molecular mechanisms mediate cellular adaptation. Some are factors produced by other cells and some by the cells themselves. These mechanisms depend largely on signals transmitted by chemical messengers that exert their effects by altering the function of a gene. Many adaptive cellular responses alter the expression of "differentiation" genes. What can cells do because of this? Correct Answer-A cell is able to change size or form without compromising its normal function.