Jemma is a 5 year old, who has just started swimming lessons for the first time.
Evaluate the use of operant conditioning to teach her. (8)
AO1:
2 marks
- definition of operant conditioning: using reinforcement to ensure the correct response is
repeated and behavior is shaped
- definition of cognitive learners: a beginner who is new to the skill, and has slow,
uncoordinated movements, and uses trial and error and extrinsic feedback to progress
- definition of learning: a permanent change as a result of practice
AO2:
3 marks
- positive reinforcement- praise after correct movement
- negative reinforcement- coach removes the float/noodle after done correctly
- punishment- if rules broken or done incorrectly, tell them off or ask to leave
AO3:
3 marks
- when Jemma kicks her legs, the coach can say “well done” to encourage her to continue
doing that, as it gives her a basic understanding. This is important to use because it can
increase her motivation to continue learning.
- when Jemma learns to float on the water with support, remove the support, like manual
guidance(coach) or mechanical guidance (float) to allow her to do it independently. This
can help with progression, and will also increase her motivation when she succeeds.
- when Jemma possibly learns a skill incorrectly, like front crawl, criticise and point out her
wrong movements. But, this should not be overused, as it can be demotivating, but
should occasionally be used to highlight Jemma’s weaknesses, which can be focused
on.
A year 12 student is trying to improve netball for her A-level PE assessment, as a
defender.
Justify why insight learning is an effective method to improve her performance. (8)
AO1:
2 marks
- definition of insight learning: when a performer solves a problem
- definition of associative learners: practice a lot to move one; still use trial and error with
extrinsic feedback
- definition of learning: a permanent change as a result of practise
- definition of performance: a temporary change from time to time from internal and
external influences
AO2:
3 marks
- increase motivation to get rebounds and interception
Evaluate the use of operant conditioning to teach her. (8)
AO1:
2 marks
- definition of operant conditioning: using reinforcement to ensure the correct response is
repeated and behavior is shaped
- definition of cognitive learners: a beginner who is new to the skill, and has slow,
uncoordinated movements, and uses trial and error and extrinsic feedback to progress
- definition of learning: a permanent change as a result of practice
AO2:
3 marks
- positive reinforcement- praise after correct movement
- negative reinforcement- coach removes the float/noodle after done correctly
- punishment- if rules broken or done incorrectly, tell them off or ask to leave
AO3:
3 marks
- when Jemma kicks her legs, the coach can say “well done” to encourage her to continue
doing that, as it gives her a basic understanding. This is important to use because it can
increase her motivation to continue learning.
- when Jemma learns to float on the water with support, remove the support, like manual
guidance(coach) or mechanical guidance (float) to allow her to do it independently. This
can help with progression, and will also increase her motivation when she succeeds.
- when Jemma possibly learns a skill incorrectly, like front crawl, criticise and point out her
wrong movements. But, this should not be overused, as it can be demotivating, but
should occasionally be used to highlight Jemma’s weaknesses, which can be focused
on.
A year 12 student is trying to improve netball for her A-level PE assessment, as a
defender.
Justify why insight learning is an effective method to improve her performance. (8)
AO1:
2 marks
- definition of insight learning: when a performer solves a problem
- definition of associative learners: practice a lot to move one; still use trial and error with
extrinsic feedback
- definition of learning: a permanent change as a result of practise
- definition of performance: a temporary change from time to time from internal and
external influences
AO2:
3 marks
- increase motivation to get rebounds and interception
