OB Exam 2 - GTPAL and Signs of Pregnancy Questions And Answers.

Gestation - Answer-Estimated date of delivery Gravida - Answer-The number of pregnancies a woman has had regardless of the duration Parity - Answer-The number of births after 20 weeks gestation Nullipara - Answer-Woman who has never been pregnant Primipara - Answer-Woman who is pregnant for the first time Multipara - Answer-Woman who is pregnant with her 2nd+ baby Why do we use GTPAL? - Answer-For a complete description of pregnancy and outcomes What does the G stand for? - Answer-Gravida What does the T stand for? - Answer-Term Pregnancies What does the P stand for? - Answer-Pre Term Pregnancies What does the A stand for? - Answer-Abortions or miscarries What does the L stand for? - Answer-Living children What is included in the gravida number? - Answer-The baby she is currently pregnant with, twins count as one, and any spontaneous abortions or miscarriages that occurred before 20 weeksWhat is included in the term births number? - Answer-Number of pregnancies that have surpassed 37 weeks gestation What is included in the preterm births number? - Answer-Number in pregnancies that resulted in births before 37 weeks - if infant spontaneously aborts/miscarries after 20 weeks it is included here What is included in the living children number? - Answer-Living children not including the paper in utero What are examples of presumptive signs of pregnancy? - Answer-Amenorrhea, nausea, vomiting, fatigue, urinary frequency, breasts and skin changes, fetal movement What is amenorrhea? - Answer-Absence of menstruation What is quickening? - Answer-First fetal movement felt by the mother between weeks 16-20 of pregnancy When do breast and skin changes occur in the pregnancy? - Answer-Begin between the 4-6th week of gestation What are changes in the breasts that might occur during pregnancy? - Answer-Fullness, tenderness, tingling, increased size, pigmentation of the areola, and pronounced nipples What are skin changes that can occur with pregnancy? - Answer-Increased pigmentation like melasma and linea nigra What urinary changes can occur during pregnancy? - Answer-Increased urinary frequency caused by fluid shifts and increased hormones and increased pressure on bladder When does nausea and vomiting occur during pregnancy? - Answer-Can occur weeks 4-8 and is caused by increased Hcg and estrogen levels and decreased gastric motility caused by progesteroneAre presumptive signs reliable signs of pregnancy? - Answer-No, these are the LEAST reliable signs of pregnancy because many things can cause these issues like gas, infection, viruses, stress, etc