BIOL 2200: PATHOPHYSIOLOGY CASE STUDY 1 Correctly Answered Questions| UpToDate | Already Graded A+
Why is there blood in his urine? : Due to swelling/inflammation of testes, the plasma fluid must be released to relieve pressure which is done via the vas deferens then to the urethra Why is there shortness of breath? : He's in emotional stress due to the severe scrotal pain Why is there severe scrotal pain? : The kinin system activates proteins that assist with inflammatory response. A major kinin is bradykinin which causes increased permeability and acts with other compounds to produce pain. Why was his scrotum enlarged, warm, tender and firm? : This is due to the acute inflammation events: 1. Vascular response: Damage to tissue cells releases cytokines (IL1, TNF) and chemokines (IL8) into interstitial fluid 2 | P a g e 2. Histamine: Mast cells release histamine which causes vasodilation and increase permeability of capillaries 3. Fluid/Blood: Fluid/Blood proteins leak into interstitial fluid of tissue which results in edema 4. Edema/vasodilation: Edema & vasodilation causes heat, swelling, redness, loss of funtion
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