Nurs 115 Test 1- Liberty University Study Guide.

Nurs 115 Test 1- Liberty University Study Guide. What is Eustress? - CORRECT ANSWER Good stresss What is the definition of stress according to Walter cannon - CORRECT ANSWER The ability to respoond and maintain stability physioilogically and pychologically during rapid changing conditions in the internal and external environment What is homeostasis? - CORRECT ANSWER A regulating system A steady state condition Your body trying to keep in a constant state What are examples of positive feedback systems? - CORRECT ANSWER Clotting mechanism and women giving birth Which cells regulate glucose levels in the blood? - CORRECT ANSWER Beta cells What does homeostasis regulate? - CORRECT ANSWER Regulate cellular functions Regulate physical and psychological adaption in order to maintain the body's internal environment Negative feedback systems - regulate life processes, behaviors, integrate body sytems Definition of stress - CORRECT ANSWER A state manifested by symptoms that arise from coordinated activation of the neuroendocrine and immune systems Definition of Adaptation - CORRECT ANSWER The ability to respond to challenges of physical or psychological homeostasis and then return to a balanced state 3 stages of GAS - CORRECT ANSWER Alarm - RAS - creates a state of muscle tension Resistance - Fight or flight Exhaustion or recovery - depending on outcome of resistance Endogenous stressors - CORRECT ANSWER From inside: pregnancy, cancer, diabetes Exogenous stressors - CORRECT ANSWER External forces: tuition, deadlines, over work What hormone kicks everything into gear - CORRECT ANSWER Epinephrine Where is the locus Ceruleus located - CORRECT ANSWER Brain stem What is regulated through the Locus Ceruleus? - CORRECT ANSWER Regulation of the ANS occurs through the Locus Ceruleus. is the central integrating for ANS response to Stress What hormone do neurons in the Locus Ceruleus produce? - CORRECT ANSWER Norepinephrine What is the LC-NE connected to and by what? - CORRECT ANSWER The LC-NE system has afferent pathways to the hypothalamus, limbic system (emotion), hippocampus (memory), and cerebral cortex (thoughts, memories) What does activation of the SNS mean for the medulla of the adrenal gland? - CORRECT ANSWER The adrenal gland releases epinephrine and norepinephrine (catecholamines) What receptors are stimulated by the SNS? - CORRECT ANSWER Alpha1 and alpha 2 adrenergic receptors and Beta 1 and beta 2 adrenergic receptors Alpha 1 receptors do what? - CORRECT ANSWER Increased glycogenolysis, smooth muscle contraction (blood vessels contract raising BP) Alpha 2 receptors - CORRECT ANSWER Increase renin release Beta 1 receptors - CORRECT ANSWER Stimulate lipolysis, increased heart rate, increased force of contraction Beta 2 receptors - CORRECT ANSWER Increased hepatic gluconeogenesis, increased glycogenolysis, and increased muscle glycogenolysis What are cortisol's effects - CORRECT ANSWER Primary effect is to promote gluconeogensis in the liver Suppresses the immune system Works to ensure excess glucose is available during stress What effect does cortisol have on the immune system? - CORRECT ANSWER Decreases leukocytes (white blood cells) at the site of inflammation or wound Cortisol stimulates lipolysis in the limbs and deposition around face and neck Suppresses the immune system to conserve energy to focus on regaining balance against stressor What neuroendocrine responses to stress occur? - CORRECT ANSWER Communication (increased speed) Cervral cortex (higher LOC) Limbic system (get emotional when stressed) Thalamus (hormones) Hypothalamus (hormones) Pituitary gland (master gland) RAS (generates muscle tension and alertness)