Ophthalmic Medical Assisting Latest Questions And Answers

What are the three levels of certified ophthalmic medical assisting? - ANS Certified ophthalmic assistant (COA), Certified ophthalmic technician (COT), Certified ophthalmic medical technologist (COMT) What is an orthoptist? - ANS Helps with diagnosis, management and non-surgical treatment of eye muscle imbalance What is an Optometrist? - ANS Prescribes and fits eyeglasses and contact lens, screens for eye diseases and is NOT a medical doctor What is an optician? - ANS Dispenses eyeglasses and contact lenses from prescription supplied by others What are the six extraocular muscles & their functions? - ANS medial rectus - inward rotation, inferior rectus - downward rotation, lateral rectus - outward rotation, superior rectus - upward rotation, superior oblique - incyclotorsion (down/inward), inferior oblique - excyclotorsion (up/outward) What does strabismus mean? - ANS Misalignment of the eyes that causes vision to be disturbed. Happens when extraocular muscles do not work in a coordinated manner. What is ptosis? - ANS drooping of the upper eyelid What is the fovea? - ANS Center part of macula that has ONLY cones What are floaters? - ANS Small particles of dead cells and other debris in vitreous and collagen fibers from vitreous degeneration. Experienced by patients as spots or cobwebs What are the 2 types of photoreceptor cells & what are their functions? - ANS Rods — "night vision" & peripheral Cons — sharp central vision & perception of color What is vitreous? - ANS Clear jelly-like substance that fills the intra-ocular cavity behind the lens Describe how the eye converts light rays to a perceived image - ANS Light rays reflected from an object are focused by the cornea and lens to produce an upside down image on the light-sensitive retina. The retina converts the image to electrical impulses which are carried by the optic nerve to the brain's visual cortex where they produce sensation of light Name 4 structures in the adnexa - ANS The orbit, extraocular muscles, eyelids, lacrimal apparatus Name three functions of the eyelids - ANS Protect eye from injury, exclude light, aid in lubricating ocular surface Name three layers of the eyelids - ANS Outer layer of skin, middle layer of fibrous tissue and muscles, inner layer of tissue (conjunctiva) What are the two primary functions of the lacrimal apparatus? - ANS To produce and drain tears What is the relationship between the lacrimal gland, lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct? - ANS Tears are produced by the lacrimal gland; tears are collected in the lacrimal sac; tears drain into the nasal cavity by means of the nasolacrimal duct. What is the primary function of the cornea? - ANS To focus light rays reflected to the eye. The cornea makes up 2/3 of the focusing power of the eye. What are the functions of the 5 layers of the cornea? - ANS Endothelium - maintains proper fluid balance. Epithelium - first line of defense against infection and injury. Bowman membrane - acts as an anchor for the epithelium. Descemet Membrane & Stroma - rigidity What are Zonules? - ANS Fibers that connect the lens to the ciliary processes. What is the difference between exotropia and exophoria? - ANS Exotropia - eye is obviously turned out. Exophoria - eye turns out intermittently but is straight most of the time What is binocular vision? - ANS The blending of the separate images seen by each eye and into one image What is your conjunctiva? - ANS The thin, translucent mucous membrane extending from the outer corneal border over the globe and the inner surface of the eyelids What are the 4 main types of glaucoma? - ANS - open-angle (or chronic open-angle) - closed-angle - secondary (open & closed) - congenital Resulting protrusion of the eyeball when the orbital volume increases is called...... ? - ANS Proptosis or Exophthalmos What alterations in the appearance of the eye or eyelids may be caused by orbital cellulitis? - ANS Grossly swollen eyelids or red eyes