UGA History Exemption Exam: Post 1877 Study Guide [100% Correct]

UGA History Exemption Exam: Post 1877 Study Guide [100% Correct] Robert Smalls *Ans* Enslaved African American who, during and after the American Civil War, became a ship's pilot, sea captain, and politician; freed himself, his crew and their families from slavery on May 13, 1862, by commandeering a Confederate transport ship, the CSS Planter, in Charleston harbor, and sailing it to freedom beyond the blockade Helped convince Lincoln to accept African-American soldiers into the Union Army Ten Percent Plan *Ans* Lincoln's plan that allowed a Southern state to form its own government after ten percent of its voters swore an oath of loyalty to the United States Meant to shorten the war Hoped to weaken the southern cause by making it easy for disillusioned or lukewarm confederates to switch sides Hoped to further his emancipation proclamation by insisting that the new governments abolish slavery Radical Republicans *Ans* After the Civil War, a group that believed the South should be harshly punished and thought that Lincoln was sometimes too compassionate towards the South Favored protection for black rights (especially black, male suffrage) Wade-Davis Bill *Ans* Legislation requiring 50% of the voters to take an oath of future loyalty before the restoration process could begin Once they took the oath, those who could wear they had never willingly supported the confederacy could vote in an election for delegates to a constitutional convention Passed after congress refused to recognize Lincoln's 10 percent governments Railroads were the first *Ans* Modern corporation Cornelius Vanderbilt *Ans* A railroad owner who built a railway connecting Chicago and New York He popularized the use of steel rails in his railroad, which made railroads safer and more economical.