PSY 105 UNCW Exam 1 Questions Perfectly Answered!!

psychology - the systematic study of behavior and experience determinism - the idea that everything that happens has a cause that someone could observe or measure free will - the belief that behavior is caused by an individuals independent decision making dualism - the mind is separate from the brain but controls the body through it monism - the view that conscious experience is generated by and inseparable from the brain mind-brain problem - the philosophical question of how experience relates to the brain nature-nurture issue - how do differences in behavior reflect different levels of influence from heredity or environment psychotherapists - professionals with training in psychology who specialize in helping people with emotional and mental problems clinical psychologists - -have advanced degrees in psychology -help people with mental and emotional problems psychiatrists - -trained as medical doctors -deal with emotional disturbances psychiatric nurses - -educated as nurses -trained to deal with emotionally troubled peopleclinical social worker - combine training in social work with specialized knowledge related to treatment of the well-being of emotionally disturbed people in a large community psychoanalysts - therapy providers who use treatment strategies based on theories and methods pioneered by Freud counseling psychologists - help people with educational, vocational, marriage, health and other important life decisions forensic psychologist - provide advice and consultation in the legal and criminal justice systems industrial/organizational psychologists - study behavior in the workplace ergonomist(human factors specialist) - facilitate the design of machinery and equipment so that the average daily user can operate them school psychologist - assesses the psychological condition and educational performance of students in K-12 developmental psychologist - studies how behavior, personality, and performance change with age learning and motivation psychologist - investigates how behavior is influenced by outcomes of past behaviors and current motivations cognitive psychologist - studies the processes involved in thinking and acquiring knowledge neuroscientist - explains behavior in terms of biological factors -ex. anatomy, hormones, drugs, evolutionevolutionary psychologist - explains behavior in terms of natural selection pressures promoting behaviors that lead to success in reproduction and survival social psychologist - studies how an individual influences and is influenced by someone cross-culture psychologist - compares the behavior of people from different cultures introspect - to look within Wilhelm Wundt - He set up the first lab for psychological research Edward Titchener - He developed the approach of structuralism structuralism - an attempt to describe the structures that compose the mind ex. sensations, feelings, images William James - -author of the Principles of Psychology -rejected the methods of structuralism and developed functionalism functionalism - learn how people produce useful behaviors psychophysics - the term used by scientists who carried out research on sensory systems Charles Darwin - He developed the theory of evolution by natural selection(humans and animals share a common ancestor) comparative psychologists - specialists who compare behavior across speciesdelayed response problem - Where an animal sees or hears a signal indicating where it can find food. After the signal, the animal is restrained for a delay to see how long the animal remembers the signal. detour problem - Where an animal is separated from food by a barrier to see whether it takes a detour away from the food to get to it. Francis Galton - He investigated how heredity influenced variations in cognitive abilities Alfred Binet - He created the first useful intelligence test to identify children in public schools who needed special services behaviorism - a field of psychology that concentrates on observable, measurable behaviors and not on metal processes Sigmund Freud - He proposed the existence of an "unconscious mind" Mary Calkins - She did graduate level study at Harvard but was not given a degree because they only give degrees to men positive psychology - studies the predispositions and experiences that makes people happy, productive, and successful