CCI 150 Exam 1 Questions Perfectly Answered

There are four schools in the College of Communication and Information. What are they? Which ones offer a minor? Which one offers only a minor to undergraduates? - 1. Advertising & Public Relations 2. Communication Studies 3. Information Sciences - ONLY OFFERS MINOR 4. Journalism & Electronic Media What are the areas of specialization in journalism? - Visual communication, Print/Web, Science, Media Management, Broadcast, Magazine, Sports, Business, Political, Entertainment, International Who/What owns most major media? - Mostly businesses - corporate chains, large and small Be able to identify the major ways media make money, both from the book and lecture - Media make money four ways: - 1. Advertising 2. Subscription/Circulation Revenue 3. Audience Donations 4. Private Support The phrase: The media are pervasive - Meaning: Influential We know what we know through the media What are the primary types of mass media (three)? Be able to categorize examples. - Print - Books, magazines, newspapers, etc. Electronic - Radio, tv, internet, etc. Chemical - Primarily film, film movies, film photographyBe able to identify and recognize examples of the mass media models discussed in class, especially elitist/populist. - Elitist Populist Model - Populist content wins out over Elitist content (We get more "celebrity goes to rehab" shows than "learn a lot from the great documentary" shows) Profit wins - We get more content that benefit the vertically integrated corporation Attracts Bigger Audience Ex. Popsugar, Buzzed, Ranker & Reality TV Economic imperative - Economic = money Imperative = has to do it Businesses have to make money to stay in business Most business decisions are based upon economic imperative What is demassification and what does it happen? - Opposite of mass media Moving away from the old "mass" media Caused by Proliferation of Media (having LOTS more choices than ever before) Moving toward fragmented-(broken up)audiences Demassification gives audiences more choice Demassification gives advertisers more choice Fragmented Audience - broken up audience as opposed to one big audience Difference between mass media and targeted media - Mass Media - when a huge audience is consuming all the same media at once (Super Bowl)Targeted Media - a type of media for everyone ("something for everyone") A result of demassification What are some major forces that cause media industries to change? - Money Power Technology What is convergence and why is it an important topic right now? - The coming together or blending of different types of media Ex. Gannett Corporation publishing articles and making news broadcasts about insurance for hurricane victims in Florida. This resulted in legislation passing regulations and laws which required insurance companies to provide coverage for hurricane victims Media outlets can be merged for cause Review: Convergence at the NYT Audio with still-photo slide show "One in 8 Million" - NYT followed one person around greater NYC, photographing the persons day to dat life while recording This allowed viewers and readers to connect more personally with others Study Abroad visit by Dr. Sam Swan - MASS MEDIA EFFECTS:Understand BIG effects thought, including the hypodermic needle or bullet theory (used interchangeably). Who is affected? How did war propaganda influence this thinking? Why are these theories flawed? - Early researchers thought media had a strong impact - Bullet theories, hypodermic needle theories "the other guy" is more susceptible than we, ourselves are Third person effect - When we think of the people we know are more susceptible than we are "I wouldn't have fallen for the Martian thing, but my neighbor definitely would have" These are usually not true or accurate What event in 1938 caused the public to worry even more about "big effects" of media? - Orson Welles about the Martians invasion WWII (in Europe) and the Great Depression were happening in 1938 Understand SMALL effects / MINIMAL effects thought and how opinion leaders matter (two-step process). Know both steps in the two step process and that multi-step flow is actually even more accurate. - Two step process - True effects are better described through "two step flow" models First step: Message from the media Second step: getting more information, maybe opinion leadersMulti step flow - Even more accurate Everett Rogers and his "diffusion of innovation" The early stagers/innovators that know about something before anyone else - early majority, everyone has it - late majority - laggards People who have more money are usually on the early hard of the scale What is Gerbner's Mean World theory and how does it relate to cumulative effects and cultivation theory? - Wanted to study if people who watched violent tv turned violent After research, he relalized that people who watch violent tv actually make them more scared it will happen to them, thus are less likely to act on it Recognize the examples of violence in the media - Characters on TV reflect us and we reflect them They stopped smoking as we did Started using seatbelt Became more aware of safe sex