ITM Exam Questions & Answers 2024/2025

ITM Exam Questions & Answers 2024/2025 a. Explain what is meant by 'management'. In your answer discuss three foundation management studies and how each theory has contributed to our understanding of 'management'. - ANSWERSThere is more then one definition of management. The three management studies show three different types of management and its definitions. Technical: Management arose to solve functional problems of a large scale organisation - efficiency. Elite: To define and defend the interests of managers. Political: Management arose to control and discipline workers. Give examples and opinions of each. b. Fayol, Mintzberg and Katz studied and wrote about management - though each in a different way. Discuss the focus of each contribution for the management of contemporary organisations, and key similarities and differences between their findings. - ANSWERSFayol Function, Mintzberg Roles, Katz Skills. Function: Planning, organising, leading, controlling. Defining goals. What needs to be done? Motivating. Monitoring Roles: Interpersonal, informational, decisional. Leader. Spokesperson. Resource allocator. Skills: Technical, human, conceptual. Job specific knowledge & technique. Manage conflict. Understand relationships. Write similarities and differences at end. Discuss the managerial competencies required to communicate effectively. In your answer draw on the four types of messages characterised by managerial communications. Explain what competencies would be applied with each message type. (5 marks) - ANSWERSThere are many but Performance management and performance enhancement is most important Relational - Build trust Transformational - Stimulate change