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Experimental and Correlational Research Study Guide

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All you need to know for the Experimental and Correlational Research in one document! No need to read the book, just familiarise yourself with this summary and do practice questions and you are guaranteed to get a good grade! Good Luck!

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Institution
Universiteit Leiden (UL)
Course
Experimental and correlational research

Content preview

Experimental &
Correlational Research
Important Concepts you should be familiar with


Correlation =/ causation

Correlation: Is there an association between two variables?
Assume association  two variables changing together

Causality: is there an effect?
One happens  the other happens after

Must happen for causality to be in place:
1. Covariance: variables have an association
2. Directionality: cause precedes effect (in time)
3. Internal validity: eliminate alternative explanations

Scatterplots

Direction: positive vs. negative
Strength: more points clustered around one (straight) line = stronger relationship
Shape: linear vs. nonlinear / homogenous vs. heterogeneous

(if non-linear + heterogeneous = cannot measure correlation)

Covariance (sxy): measure the degree to which two variables vary together




Provides info:

Direction & Strength:

If near -1 and 1 = stronger relationship

If 0 = no relationship

If close to 0 = weak relationship

Disadvantage: The range of the covariance is dependent on the unit of measurement of the
variables
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Connected book

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David C. Howell, David Howell Statistical Methods for Psychology, International Edition
  • januari 2012
  • 9781111840853
  • 1

Written for

Institution
Universiteit Leiden (UL)
Study
Psychologie
Course
Experimental and correlational research

Document information

Uploaded on
March 26, 2019
Number of pages
18
Written in
2019/2020
Type
Study guide

Subjects

  • psychology
  • psychologie
  • statistics
  • experimental and correlational research
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Great summary for E&C Research! Helped me understand the statistics concepts much better! ANother great one from IBP thanks a lot! :)

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