Latest Ocular Pharmacology Exam Review with 100% Correct Answers

Latest Ocular Pharmacology Exam Review with 100% Correct Answers What are the 4 guiding principles of ocular pharmacology? *Ans* 1. Do no harm 2. All drugs are toxic 3. All drugs may interact with other drugs. 4. All ocular medications are systemic medications. What affect does ocular inflammation have on ophthalmic drug absorption? *Ans* Greatly increases it. What part of the eye is the main site of resistance to drug penetration? *Ans* The corneal epithelium For what parts of the eye are topical medications used? *Ans* Eyelids, conjunctiva, cornea, iris, and anterior uvea In dogs and cats, subconjunctival drug doses should not exceed what amount? *Ans* 0.25 mL For what parts of the eye are systemic medications required? *Ans* - Retina - Optic nerve - Vitreous Topical administration of cholinergic miotics produces what four ocular effects? *Ans* 1. Pupillary constriction 2. Ciliary muscle contraction 3. Increased aqueous outflow facility 4. Vasodilation What type of drug is Pilocarpine? What side effects have been associated with it? *Ans* Direct acting cholinergic (miotic agent). Causes intraocular inflammation & nausea. What type of drug is demecarium bromide? *Ans* An anticholinesterase (miotic agent). Not currently available. What types of drugs are latanoprost and travoprost? What is their primary use? *Ans* Both are PGF2-alpha analogs used primarily for treating glaucoma, but ca