Contemporary Issues in Biology Test 1 100% Solved 2024

Contemporary Issues in Biology Test 1 100% Solved 2024 What hasn't changed in the Biological Work? - Answer- The unknown is still greater than the known How does scientific methodology work? - Answer- Observation->Hypothesis->Tests of Hypothesis->Results What is the control group? - Answer- Variable being tested is absent What is the Experimental group? - Answer- Variable being tested is present When do results become part of general knowledge? - Answer- Only after they are published in a scientific journal. Must go through peer review Why have confidence in the popular press and professional website? - Answer- The info is based on the scientific method and scientific journals; not pseudoscience What is pseudoscience? - Answer- System of ideas/misconceptions erroneously regarded as science Why are dietary supplements dangerous? - Answer- FDA requires no scientific studies on safety; People use supplements without telling their doctors If dietary supplements are so dangerous, why are they legal? - Answer- Supplements are big businesses, donate millions of dollars to candidates If you had to design a study to investigate the effects of a new drug on health, what design would you use? - Answer- Two group experimental design What is the pathway of sperm? - Answer- Seminiferous Tubules in testes-> Stored in epididymis-> Vas Deferens-> Urethra What are the accessory glands? - Answer- Seminal vesicles, prostate glands, bulbourethral glands What does the seminal vesicle do? - Answer- Nourishment for sperm What does the prostate gland provide? - Answer- Acidic solution which stimulates ATP production of the sperm What does the Bulbourethral gland provide? - Answer- Lubricating fluid that is alkaline and neutralizes the acid environment of the urethra What is another name for the Bulbourethral gland? - Answer- Cowpers gland What is semen? - Answer- Millions of sperm and fluid from the accessory glands How do the male hormones work? - Answer- Pituitary and Testis, LH and FSH sent down Normal vs Enlarged Prostate - Answer- Walnut size, urethra open; Lemon/Peach size, urethra squeezed Effects of an enlarged prostate? - Answer- Constricts urethra, dilates bladder and urethra, discomfort Prostate Cancer - Answer- Second most common form of cancer in men, Second most common cause of cancer death; More prevalent than deadly How does prostate cancer kill? - Answer- If cells leave prostate area and spread throughout the whole body Prostate risk factors - Answer- Age, Family history, African American, Farmers Prostate cancer goal of detection - Answer- Find it in the earliest stage Detection of Prostate Cancer - Answer- Digital rectal exam, PSA Test, Needle Biopsy Digital Rectal Exam - Answer- Annually when you turn 40 years old, Marble sized tumor, Starts in stage B PSA Test - Answer- Tests protein for changes in blood, been used for 20 years Prostate Surgery - Answer- Radical Prostatectomy (Removal of Gland) ; Nerve Sparing Prostatectomy (leave tissue around nerve); Side effects include: incontinence and impotence Prostate Radiation and Radiation seed implant - Answer- Side effects: less recovery, impair functions, Doesn't kill all cells, surgery not possible What does hormone therapy do? Prostate - Answer- Eliminate testosterone production, used when cancer has spread; side effects: Impair function, hot sweats, does not eliminate tumor What is watchful waiting - Answer- Men 70+, wait it out What is the pathway of the unfertilized egg? - Answer- Follicle of ovary->oviduct- >uterus->Vagina What is the menstrual cycle? - Answer- Cyclic buildup and breakdown of the endometrium as the uterus prepares monthly for a blastocyst What is menopause? - Answer- Production of estrogen decl