MEDICAL -SURGERY NURSING (ATI)

MEDICAL -SURGERY NURSING (ATI) A nurse just receives a patient on arrival at the med-surg unit after discharge from the post-anesthesia care unit. What should they assess on the patient? - T: temperature I: IV fluids M: mental status S: surgical incision site T: tubes & drains A: airway B: breathing S: skin C: cardiovascular status What are the risks associated with general anesthesia? - H: hypotension A: airway compromise R: respiratory depression D: delirium What are examples of regional anesthesia? - -nerve block -spinal -epidural What are risks associated with regional anesthesia? - -hypotension -hematoma -infection -spinal headache What is the most critical assessment to perform after surgery? - respiratory What should you look for PostOp related to fluids & blood loss? - - diuresis -edema -hyper/hypovolemia -hemoglobin/hematocrit -vital signs What is a measurement of how well a patient's pain is managed PostOp? - how mobile and participatory they are What is the most likely source of a pulmonary embolism? - a thrombus that formed in the femoral vein What is med-surg nursing mainly concerned with? - tertiary prevention What is primary prevention? - no disease or injury is present What are examples of primary prevention? - -vaccines -healthy diet -regular exercise What is secondary prevention? - early detection and treatment before disease becomes symptomatic, no symptoms What are examples of secondary prevention? - -mammograms -colonoscopy -pap smear -digital rectal exams Secondary prevention can sometimes be primary prevention. True or false. - false, secondary prevention can NEVER be primary prevention What is tertiary prevention? - preventing complications of established disease or injury, symptoms present What are examples of tertiary prevention? - surgical tumor resection Describe the process of normal ventilation. - the diaphragm drops and the chest expands causing negative pressure to draw into the lungs What is the underlying cause of wheezing heard in the lungs during inhalation? - narrowed airways What is the therapeutic effect of inhaled beta agonist medications? - bronchodilation What is the main lung dysfunction associated with emphysema? - breakdown of elastin and loss of lung tissue recoil What is the underlying cause of respiratory acidosis? - hypoventilation What causes the lung collapse associated with pneumonia? - air entering the pleural space What are the components of minute ventilation? - respiratory rate and tidal volume