CMY3701 The explanation of crime
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1 CMY3701 - The explanation of crime
CMY3701 EXAM PREPARATION – Assignments and Exams
This document is an easy to read compilation of past UNISA Assignment and Exam Questions and
Answers, as well as Self-Assessment Questions from the Study Guide.
Answers are motivated by a combination of:
• Page references to the prescribed textbook
• Short summaries and/or content regarding the relevant topic(s) in question. (Incorrect
options are also marked where applicable, in order to identify and disregard red-herring
alternatives)
Assignments covered are:
• Assignment 02 for Semester 1 (2018)
• Assignment 02 for Semester 2 (2018)
Exams covered are:
• October-November 2015
• May-June 2016
• October-November 2016
• May-June 2017
• October-November 2017
• May-June 2018
A comprehensive list of key-concepts is also included in this document.
Please note: This document is an additional tool for exam preparation. The Stuvia-user that compiled
and uploaded this document takes no responsibility for incorrect answers. Students must ensure
that they study the prescribed material and understand the content.
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2 CMY3701 - The explanation of crime
ASSIGNMENT 02 - SEMESTER 1 – 2018 UNIQUE NUMBER: 770487
Question 1
The main strength of the differential association theory is that it showed that crime was not just a
product of ___ but that it could occur in all settings.
1. learned behaviour
2. poverty
3. criminal attitudes
4. delinquency
Answer: The correct answer is 2
Refer: CMY3701 Study Guide, pg. 102
Reasoning: “The main strength of the theory of differential association, according to Jones
(2001:147), is that it showed that crime was not just a product of poverty, but that it
could occur in all settings, ranging from slum areas to large business operations.”
Question 2
Discounting the existence of threatening impulses is called ___.
1) displacement.
2) denial.
3) determination.
4) sublimation.
Answer: The correct answer is 2
Refer: CMY3701 Study Guide, pg. 22
Reasoning: “DENIAL is simply discounting the existence of threatening impulses. For example, a
person with homosexual tendencies may vehemently deny ever feeling any physical
attraction to a person of the same sex (Cassel & Bernstein, 2007:82).”
Question 3
Becker (1963) is of the opinion that deviant behaviour is a social product created by:
1) Interactionism
2) Society
3) Labelling
4) Determinism
Answer: The correct answer is 2
Refer: CMY3701 Study Guide, pg. 124
Reasoning: “The primary focus of Becker's study was to explain how a person is labelled as an
outsider. Deviant behaviour, according to Becker, is a social product created by
society. Whether a juvenile is therefore labelled as deviant will depend on the
reaction of other people to the act, and not on the nature of the activity itself.”
Question 4
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3 CMY3701 - The explanation of crime
Which researchers indicated that there is moderate evidence of both genetic and environmental
influence in antisocial behaviour?
1) Christiansen and Lange
2) West and Farrington
3) Rhee and Waldman
4) Hutchings and Medwick
Answer: The correct answer is 3
Refer: CMY3701 Study Guide, pg. 35
Reasoning: “Rhee and Waldman (Jones, 2001:351) conducted an analysis of twin and adoption
studies. They concluded that there is moderate evidence of both genetic and
environmental influences in antisocial behaviour.”
Question 5
The positivist school focuses on the nature and characteristics of ___.
1) the criminal event.
2) the individual offender
3) the criminal behaviour.
4) the situational factors.
Answer: The correct answer is 2
Refer: CMY3701 Study Guide, pg. 26
Reasoning: “The basic assumptions of positivism are highlighted by Bartollas (2006:78) and
White and Haines (2004:40-42):
• It is the character and personal backgrounds of individuals that explain
criminal behaviour. The focus of analysis is therefore on the nature and
characteristics of the offender, rather than on the criminal act… “
Question 6
What, according to Lilly et al (2007), is the danger in rational choice theory?
1) Factors influencing offenders’ decision to break the law is ignored.
2) Offenders will be treated as being solely rational decision-makers.
3) Criminal justice policies only focus on making crime a costly decision.
4) Offenders’ social context is not taken into consideration.
Answer: The correct answer is 2
Refer: CMY3701 Study Guide, pg. 18
Reasoning: “The danger in rational choice theory, however, is that offenders will be treated as
though they were only rational decisionmakers. When this occurs, the context that
influences their decision to break the law is ignored, and commentators begin to
recommend harsh criminal justice policies that focus solely on making crime a costly
decision. In other words, they ignore the offender's social context (Lilly et al,
2007:277).”
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written by
adeles
The study-notes marketplace
Buy and sell all your summaries, notes, theses, essays, papers, cases, manuals, researches, and
many more...
www.stuvia.co.za
Downloaded by: jessfaulds |
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1 CMY3701 - The explanation of crime
CMY3701 EXAM PREPARATION – Assignments and Exams
This document is an easy to read compilation of past UNISA Assignment and Exam Questions and
Answers, as well as Self-Assessment Questions from the Study Guide.
Answers are motivated by a combination of:
• Page references to the prescribed textbook
• Short summaries and/or content regarding the relevant topic(s) in question. (Incorrect
options are also marked where applicable, in order to identify and disregard red-herring
alternatives)
Assignments covered are:
• Assignment 02 for Semester 1 (2018)
• Assignment 02 for Semester 2 (2018)
Exams covered are:
• October-November 2015
• May-June 2016
• October-November 2016
• May-June 2017
• October-November 2017
• May-June 2018
A comprehensive list of key-concepts is also included in this document.
Please note: This document is an additional tool for exam preparation. The Stuvia-user that compiled
and uploaded this document takes no responsibility for incorrect answers. Students must ensure
that they study the prescribed material and understand the content.
Downloaded by: jessfaulds |
Distribution of this document is illegal
, Stuvia.com - The study-notes marketplace
2 CMY3701 - The explanation of crime
ASSIGNMENT 02 - SEMESTER 1 – 2018 UNIQUE NUMBER: 770487
Question 1
The main strength of the differential association theory is that it showed that crime was not just a
product of ___ but that it could occur in all settings.
1. learned behaviour
2. poverty
3. criminal attitudes
4. delinquency
Answer: The correct answer is 2
Refer: CMY3701 Study Guide, pg. 102
Reasoning: “The main strength of the theory of differential association, according to Jones
(2001:147), is that it showed that crime was not just a product of poverty, but that it
could occur in all settings, ranging from slum areas to large business operations.”
Question 2
Discounting the existence of threatening impulses is called ___.
1) displacement.
2) denial.
3) determination.
4) sublimation.
Answer: The correct answer is 2
Refer: CMY3701 Study Guide, pg. 22
Reasoning: “DENIAL is simply discounting the existence of threatening impulses. For example, a
person with homosexual tendencies may vehemently deny ever feeling any physical
attraction to a person of the same sex (Cassel & Bernstein, 2007:82).”
Question 3
Becker (1963) is of the opinion that deviant behaviour is a social product created by:
1) Interactionism
2) Society
3) Labelling
4) Determinism
Answer: The correct answer is 2
Refer: CMY3701 Study Guide, pg. 124
Reasoning: “The primary focus of Becker's study was to explain how a person is labelled as an
outsider. Deviant behaviour, according to Becker, is a social product created by
society. Whether a juvenile is therefore labelled as deviant will depend on the
reaction of other people to the act, and not on the nature of the activity itself.”
Question 4
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3 CMY3701 - The explanation of crime
Which researchers indicated that there is moderate evidence of both genetic and environmental
influence in antisocial behaviour?
1) Christiansen and Lange
2) West and Farrington
3) Rhee and Waldman
4) Hutchings and Medwick
Answer: The correct answer is 3
Refer: CMY3701 Study Guide, pg. 35
Reasoning: “Rhee and Waldman (Jones, 2001:351) conducted an analysis of twin and adoption
studies. They concluded that there is moderate evidence of both genetic and
environmental influences in antisocial behaviour.”
Question 5
The positivist school focuses on the nature and characteristics of ___.
1) the criminal event.
2) the individual offender
3) the criminal behaviour.
4) the situational factors.
Answer: The correct answer is 2
Refer: CMY3701 Study Guide, pg. 26
Reasoning: “The basic assumptions of positivism are highlighted by Bartollas (2006:78) and
White and Haines (2004:40-42):
• It is the character and personal backgrounds of individuals that explain
criminal behaviour. The focus of analysis is therefore on the nature and
characteristics of the offender, rather than on the criminal act… “
Question 6
What, according to Lilly et al (2007), is the danger in rational choice theory?
1) Factors influencing offenders’ decision to break the law is ignored.
2) Offenders will be treated as being solely rational decision-makers.
3) Criminal justice policies only focus on making crime a costly decision.
4) Offenders’ social context is not taken into consideration.
Answer: The correct answer is 2
Refer: CMY3701 Study Guide, pg. 18
Reasoning: “The danger in rational choice theory, however, is that offenders will be treated as
though they were only rational decisionmakers. When this occurs, the context that
influences their decision to break the law is ignored, and commentators begin to
recommend harsh criminal justice policies that focus solely on making crime a costly
decision. In other words, they ignore the offender's social context (Lilly et al,
2007:277).”
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