Cardiac Disorders NCLEX questions with answers 2024

Cardiac Disorders NCLEXThe nurse is assessing a pt w/ chronic heart failure. Which abnormal chest sound would the nurse most likely auscultate? 1. expiratory wheezes 2. friction rub 3. harsh vesicular 4. crackles - correct answer Answer: 4 Rationale 1, 2, 3: Expiratory wheezes, friction rub, & harsh vesicular sounds are not associated w/ chronic heart failure. Rationale 4: Fluid accumulates in the alveolar spaces w/ left-sided heart failure. This fluid causes the sound of crackles at the end of inspiration. When caring for a chronic heart failure pt w/ left-sided failure, the nurse would most likely note the following statement in the physician's written report following cardiac catheterization? 1. "Pressures in the left ventricle & atrium are increased." 2. "Pressures in the left ventricle & atrium are decreased." 3. "Pressures in the right ventricle & atrium match the ventricle pressures." 4. "Pressures in the right ventricle reflect functioning of all heart chambers." - correct answer Answer: 1 Rationale 1: As the heart loses its ability to eject blood effectively from the left ventricle upon contraction, blood is retained in the left ventricle after systole & the chamber pressure rises due to the added blood volume. Rationale 2: As the heart loses its ability to eject blood effectively from the left ventricle upon contraction, blood is retained in the left ventricle after systole & the chamber pressure rises due to the added blood volume. Rationale 3: This pt is in left-sided heart failure, so pressure is higher in the left side of the heart, not the right side. Rationale 4: This pt is in left-sided heart failure, so pressure is higher in the left side of the heart, not the right side.