Exam (elaborations) IBCLC 378

which vitamin deficiencies are most likely in a breastfeeding mother - ANSWER Mothers who get 2200 calories per day may need extra calcium, zinc, magnesium, thiamin (vitamin B1), vitamin B-6 & vitamin E. Name the 4 fat soluble vitamins - ANSWER Vitamins A, D, E, and K are fat-soluble vitamins. They are present in foods containing fats. The body absorbs these vitamins as it does dietary fats. They do not dissolve in water. What are the 4 intrinsic muscles of the tongue? - ANSWER superior longitudinal muscle of the tongue. inferior longitudinal muscle of the tongue. transverse muscle of the tongue. vertical muscle of the tongue What are the 4 extrinsic muscles of the tongue? - ANSWER P: palatoglossus. S: styloglossus. G: genioglossus. H: hyoglossus. When are the levels of secretory IgA (sIgA) highest in human milk? - ANSWER Secretory IgA is biggest in the first 25 hours, with levels up to 15 times higher than at any other stage of lactation. Intent to treat - ANSWER This research design allocates participants to groups according to a planned intervention. Bromocriptine - ANSWER A drug that has been used to suppress lactation Symptoms of Candida (yeast) infection - ANSWER Burning pain Stabbing pain Non-stabbing pain Shiny skin Flaky skin Fetal Alcohol Syndrome Signs - ANSWER Appearance-thin upper lip, flat space under nose, small eyes Slower growth Feeding difficulties Why may a late preterm infant consistently fall asleep at the breast? - ANSWER His suck has low intraoral pressure (vacuum) due to gestational age Babinski reflex - ANSWER Flare toes when sole of foot is stimulated Why do drugs pass more easily into milk during the colostral phase of lactation? - ANSWER Because the intracellular spaces between lactocytes are small. With closure of the intercellular spaces, the transfer of maternal medications is greatly reduced. The most influential maternal factors that affect relative oral absorption and plasma levels of medication are: - ANSWER Maternal plasma levels Molecular weight of the medication Oral bioavailability of the medication in mother and infant Protein binding of medication glucose and galactose - ANSWER The two sugars that make up the disaccharide that is Lactose Human - ANSWER The milk of this mammal has the highest amount of lactose The lactocytes in the breast tissue - ANSWER Where is the lactose in human milk found? Lactose - ANSWER The most stable component of mature milk Lactase - ANSWER The enzyme that breaks down lactose