(WGU D119) NURS 6830 PEDIATRIC PRIMARY CARE COMPREHENSIVE FINAL OA GUIDE 2024.

D119 NURS 6830 Pediatric Primary Care Comprehensive Final OA Guide Q & S 2024 1. A 6 -month -old infant presents with a three -day history of cough and wheezing. On examination, the infant is afebrile and has diffuse wheezes. What is the most likely diagnosis? A. Asthma B. Bronchiolitis C. Pneumonia D. Foreign body aspiration Answer: B. Bronchiolitis Rationale: Bronchiolitis is common in infants and presents with cough, wheezing, and often without fever. 2. A 4 -year-old child is brought to the clinic with a barking cough and stridor at rest. Which of the following is the most appropriate initial management? A. Oral antibiotics B. Nebulized epin ephrine C. Inhaled corticosteroids D. Observation and supportive care Answer: B. Nebulized epinephrine Rationale: The child's symptoms are suggestive of croup, which can be effectively treated with nebulized epinephrine. 3. During a well -child visit, you notice a 2 -year-old child has not met the expected language milestones. What is the next best step in management? A. Immediate referral to a speech therapist B. Reassurance and follow -up in six months C. Hearing evaluation D. Autism spectrum disorder screening Answer: C. Hearing evaluation Rationale: Hearing impairment is a common cause of delayed language development and should be evaluated first. 4. A 10 -year-old patient presents with a rash that appears as "slap ped cheeks" followed by a lacy reticular pattern on the body. What is the most likely diagnosis? A. Measles B. Rubella C. Fifth disease (erythema infectiosum) D. Scarlet fever Answer: C. Fifth disease (erythema infectiosum) Rationale: The characteristic rash of "slapped cheeks" followed by a lacy pattern is indicative of Fifth disease. 5. A 16 -year-old patient presents with sudden onset of severe testicular pain. The testis is retracted and horizontal in position. What is the most likely diagnosis? A. Testicular torsion B. Epididymitis C. Varicocele D. Hydrocele Answer: A. Testicular torsion Rationale: Sudden onset of severe pain and the described position of the testis are classic for testicular torsion, a surgical emerg ency. 6. A 3 -year-old child presents with high fever, drooling, and difficulty breathing. The child prefers sitting upright and leaning forward. What is the most likely diagnosis? A. Epiglottitis B. Retropharyngeal abscess C. Tonsillitis D. La ryngotracheobronchitis (croup) Answer: A. Epiglottitis Rationale: The "tripod" position and symptoms are indicative of