Urine & Body Fluid Analysis Exam 1

Components of the urinary system - Answer-Kidneys, ureters, bladder, urethra Major functions of the kidneys - Answer--Regulation of body fluids, acid-base balance, electrolyte balance -Excretion of waste products and foreign chemicals -Secretion of hormones (EPO) -Maintaining blood pressure Renal function is influenced heavily by - Answer-blood volume, pressure, composition and hormones from the adrenal and pituitary glands; *circulatory system is crucial* What are the three major processes that lead to the formation of urine - Answer-1) Filtration 2) Reabsorption 3) Secretion Filtration - Answer-Occurs in the glomerulus; renin-angiotensin-aldosterone feedback system Reabsorption - Answer-Movement from filtrate to blood; filtered renal plasma is called "ultrafiltrate" Secretion - Answer-Movement from blood to filtrate; removes unneeded foreign waste substances not filtered by the glomerulus; mostly occurs in distal convoluted tubule What is the functional unit of the kidney? - Answer-nephron; about 1-1.5 million present in each kidney Function of the glomerulus - Answer-Filtration of the blood/ filtration of water and dissolved substances from the plasma Function of the tubules - Answer-Reabsorption of substances: glucose, NaCl, amino acids, potassium, water, calcium, urea Function of the Loop of Henle - Answer-Recovery of water and sodium chloride from the urine Role of Ant