ATI PN Med Surg Proctored Exam 2021. Graded A+

A nurse is collecting data from a client who has emphysema. Which of thefollowing findings should the nurse expect? (Select all that apply.) • Dyspnea • Barrel chest • Clubbing of the fingers • Shallow respirations INCORRECT • Bradycardia Answer Rationale: Dyspnea is correct. Dyspnea is experienced by clients who haveemphysema due to inadequate oxygen exchange in the lungs. Barrel chest is correct. The lungs of clients who have emphysema lose their elasticity, and the diaphragm becomes permanently flattened by overdistention of the lungs. The muscles of the rib cage also become rigid,and the ribs flare outward. This produces the barrel chest typical of emphysema clients. Clubbing of the fingers is correct. Air is trapped in the lungs due to theirlack of elasticity, which decreases oxygenation. Clubbing results from these chronic low blood- oxygen levels. Shallow respirations is correct. Clients who have emphysema lose lung elasticity; consequently, respirations become increasingly shallow and morerapid. Bradycardia is incorrect. The heart rate will increase as the heart triesto compensate for less oxygen being delivered to the tissues. • A nurse is caring for a client who has Cushing's syndrome. Which of thefollowing clinical manifestations should the nurse expect to observe? (Select all that apply.) • Buffalo hump • Purple striations • Moon face INCORRECT • Tremors INCORRECT • Obese extremities Answer Rationale: Buffalo hump is correct. Cushing's syndrome is a disease caused by an increased production of cortisol or by excessive use of corticosteroids. Buffalo hump, a collection of fat between the shoulders, is a common manifestation of Cushing's syndrome.Purple striations is correct. Purple striations on the skin of the abdomen, thighs, and breasts are a common manifestation ofCushing's syndrome. This is due to the collection of body fat in these areas.Moon face is correct. Moon face is a common manifestation of Cushing's syndrome. Clients who have this manifestation present with a round, red, full face.Tremors is incorrect. Tremors are not a common finding of Cushing's syndrome.Obese extremities is incorrect. Clients who have Cushing's syndrome have truncal obesity, a protuberant abdomen,with thin extremities, which is due to an alteration in protein metabolism. • A nurse is assisting with the care of a client immediately following a lumbar puncture. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? (Select all thatapply.) • Encourage fluid intake. • Monitor the puncture site for hematoma. INCORRECT • Insert a urinary catheter. INCORRECT • Elevate the client’s head of bed. INCORRECT • Apply a cervical collar to the client. Answer Rationale: Encourage fluid intake is correct. The nurse should encourage fluids, unless contraindicated, to replace the cerebrospinal fluid that was removed during the procedure and reduce the risk for a headache. Monitor the puncture site for a hematoma is correct. The nurseshould monitor and report a hematoma at the insertion site because thiscan indicate bleeding. Insert a urinary catheter is incorrect. There is no indication for a urinary catheter insertion. Elevate the client’s head of bed is incorrect. The client should remainflat in bed for 1 hr or more to reduce the risk for a headache. Apply a cervical collar to the client is incorrect. There is no indication for a cervical collar for this client.