BIO 102 Exam 2 WSU Questions with well explained answers

oncogenes - Answer-Promote mitosis/simulate mitosis CODIS - Answer-national registry of DNA fingerprints for criminals 2 proteins made by bacteria - Answer-insulin, growth hormone reverse transcription - Answer-Virus RNA - Virus DNA- Virus protein palliative care - Answer-goal is to treat the symptoms of the disease and not the disease itself proteins are made up of... - Answer-amino acids how many amino acids are there in nature? - Answer-20 The central dogma - Answer--instruction to make a phenotype move in one direction only -information needed to create a phenotype flows from DNA-RNA Cancer arises when.. - Answer-regulation of cell cycle fails and mitosis becomes uncontrollable meiosis - Answer-Shuffles alleles halves chromosomes # (23 in human sex cells) results in genetics variability How long are chromosomes - Answer-6 ft per cellcell membrane - Answer-every cell has one boundary in and out made up of fats/proteins protein functions - Answer-selective gates cell to cell adhesion recognize molecules outside the cell ribosomes - Answer-site of protein synthesis (where mRNA codons and tRNA carry amino acids come together in translation) respiration - Answer-process in mitochondria glucose + o2 - CO2 + ATP Plant only organelles - Answer-cell wall central vacuole- stores water chloroplasts ATP - Answer--Energy in storage -useable energy is released ATP- ADP +P + energy T= tri + 3 phosphate D= Di = 2 phosphate chloroplasts - Answer-in plant cells only produce sugars by photosynthesis Co2 + H20 + Sun - Sugar 02metastasis - Answer-cells from a primary tumor spread to make secondary tumors cell theory - Answer-all living things have at least 1 cell Robert hooke - Answer-first person to look into a microscope types of bacteria - Answer-coccoid rod spiral translation - Answer-on ribosomes in cytoplasm mRNA codons combine in specific ways with tRNA carrying amino acids epigenetics - Answer-changes to proteins on chromosomes that alter gene activity may be passed to offspring if those changes are present in sex cells