Biomedical Sciences 2.2.1-2.2.6 Study
guide Exam Questions and Answers
mitosis - ANSWER-Process that divides a cell with the same number of chromosomes
chromosome - ANSWER-tightly coiled DNA that is found in the Nucleus
Tumor - ANSWER-large mass of cells caused by uncontrolled cell division
benign - ANSWER-non-cancerous
Malignant - ANSWER-Cancerous tumor which will grow and spread to invade other
tissues or parts of the body
Unorganized, misshaped, nucleus is larger + rough edges are most likely (cell) -
ANSWER-Cancer cells
organized, shaped correctly, nucleus is just the right size and edges are smooth are
most likely (cells) - ANSWER-Normal cells
gene - ANSWER-section of nucleotides that codes for a protein
mutation - ANSWER-rare change in genetic material
protein - ANSWER-3 dimensional polymer (large) made of amino acids
Messenger RNA (mRNA) - ANSWER-Type of RNA that is transcribed from DNA and
translated by a ribosome to make a protein
transcription - ANSWER-process of converting DNA to mRNA
translation - ANSWER-process of converting mRNA into a protein
Codon - ANSWER-3 nucleotides in a row on mRNA
Transfer RNA (tRNA) - ANSWER-Type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome
Describe the process of transcription and translation - ANSWER--DNA is read by a DNA
polymerase + unwinds
-New mRNA strand is made from the DNA
-mRNA moves out of the nucleus to the cytoplasm
-mRNA connects to a ribosome
-Ribosome reads a codon on the mRNA
-tRNA brings the correct amino acids to the ribosome
guide Exam Questions and Answers
mitosis - ANSWER-Process that divides a cell with the same number of chromosomes
chromosome - ANSWER-tightly coiled DNA that is found in the Nucleus
Tumor - ANSWER-large mass of cells caused by uncontrolled cell division
benign - ANSWER-non-cancerous
Malignant - ANSWER-Cancerous tumor which will grow and spread to invade other
tissues or parts of the body
Unorganized, misshaped, nucleus is larger + rough edges are most likely (cell) -
ANSWER-Cancer cells
organized, shaped correctly, nucleus is just the right size and edges are smooth are
most likely (cells) - ANSWER-Normal cells
gene - ANSWER-section of nucleotides that codes for a protein
mutation - ANSWER-rare change in genetic material
protein - ANSWER-3 dimensional polymer (large) made of amino acids
Messenger RNA (mRNA) - ANSWER-Type of RNA that is transcribed from DNA and
translated by a ribosome to make a protein
transcription - ANSWER-process of converting DNA to mRNA
translation - ANSWER-process of converting mRNA into a protein
Codon - ANSWER-3 nucleotides in a row on mRNA
Transfer RNA (tRNA) - ANSWER-Type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome
Describe the process of transcription and translation - ANSWER--DNA is read by a DNA
polymerase + unwinds
-New mRNA strand is made from the DNA
-mRNA moves out of the nucleus to the cytoplasm
-mRNA connects to a ribosome
-Ribosome reads a codon on the mRNA
-tRNA brings the correct amino acids to the ribosome
