Biomedical Science- Freshman Exam
Questions and Answers
Amino Group - ANSWER-A functional group that consists of a nitrogen atom bonded to
two hydrogen atoms.
Carboxyl Group - ANSWER-A functional group present in organic acids and consisting
of a single carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atomand also bonded to a
hydroxyl group.
Codon - ANSWER-A three-nucleotide sequence of DNA or mRNA that specifies a
particular amino acid or termination signal; the basic unit of the genetic code.
Exon - ANSWER-A coding region of a eukaryotic gene; are separated from each other
by introns.
Gene - ANSWER-A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific
nucleotide sequence in DNA.
Hydrophillic - ANSWER-Loves water.
Hydrophobic - ANSWER-Hates water.
Hydroxyl Group - ANSWER-A functional group consisting of a hydrogen atom joined to
an oxygen atom by a polar covalent bond. Molecules possessing this group are soluble
in water and are called alcohols.
Intron - ANSWER-A non-coding, intervening sequence within a eukaryotic gene.
Messenger RNA (mRNA) - ANSWER-A type of RNA, synthesized from DNA and
attaches to ribosomes in the cytoplasm; it specifies the primary structure of a protein.
Mutation - ANSWER-A rare change in the DNA of a gene, ultimately creating genetic
diversity.
Nucleotide - ANSWER-The building block of a nucleic acid, consisting of a five-carbon
sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group.
Primary Structure - ANSWER-The level of protein structure referring to the specific
sequence of amino acids.
Quaternary Structure - ANSWER-The particular shape of a complex. aggregate protein,
defined by the characteristic three-dimensional arrangement of its constituent subunits,,
each a polypeptide.
Questions and Answers
Amino Group - ANSWER-A functional group that consists of a nitrogen atom bonded to
two hydrogen atoms.
Carboxyl Group - ANSWER-A functional group present in organic acids and consisting
of a single carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atomand also bonded to a
hydroxyl group.
Codon - ANSWER-A three-nucleotide sequence of DNA or mRNA that specifies a
particular amino acid or termination signal; the basic unit of the genetic code.
Exon - ANSWER-A coding region of a eukaryotic gene; are separated from each other
by introns.
Gene - ANSWER-A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific
nucleotide sequence in DNA.
Hydrophillic - ANSWER-Loves water.
Hydrophobic - ANSWER-Hates water.
Hydroxyl Group - ANSWER-A functional group consisting of a hydrogen atom joined to
an oxygen atom by a polar covalent bond. Molecules possessing this group are soluble
in water and are called alcohols.
Intron - ANSWER-A non-coding, intervening sequence within a eukaryotic gene.
Messenger RNA (mRNA) - ANSWER-A type of RNA, synthesized from DNA and
attaches to ribosomes in the cytoplasm; it specifies the primary structure of a protein.
Mutation - ANSWER-A rare change in the DNA of a gene, ultimately creating genetic
diversity.
Nucleotide - ANSWER-The building block of a nucleic acid, consisting of a five-carbon
sugar covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group.
Primary Structure - ANSWER-The level of protein structure referring to the specific
sequence of amino acids.
Quaternary Structure - ANSWER-The particular shape of a complex. aggregate protein,
defined by the characteristic three-dimensional arrangement of its constituent subunits,,
each a polypeptide.
