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Biomedical Science 2 Edinburgh Exam Questions with Latest Update

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How can small soluble signals cross membranes? - ANSWER-Gap-junctions How can hydrophobic (lipid soluble) molecules cross membranes? - ANSWER-Diffuse How can hydrophilic molecules cross membranes? - ANSWER-Pump/transporter system, ion channels, vesicle fusion, indirect What molecules can be packaged in vesicles? - ANSWER-proteins, peptides, amino acids, nucleotides What ions can travel via channels or transporters? - ANSWER-metal ions What molecules can diffuse across membranes? - ANSWER-Gases and steroids What is the fastest receptor? - ANSWER-ionotropic What is the slowest receptor? - ANSWER-Steroid How do ionotropic receptors work? - ANSWER-When ligand binds extracellular site, opens ion channel and lets in ions of a specific charge. How do metabotropic receptors work? - ANSWER-When ligands bind extracellular side, causes G-proteins to bind to intracellular side, and causes cellular changes in general cell activity and gene expression. How do kinase-linked receptors work? - ANSWER-They phosphorylate proteins which allows gene transcription to be regulated. How do steroid receptors work? - ANSWER-affect gene expression within the nucleus What are the signals for UB branching? - ANSWER-GDNF, Ret and GFR1a Evidence for UB branching - ANSWER-UB and MM do not grow when separated, but grow when reattached after separation receptor response speed: ionotropic - ANSWER-

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3.Biomedical Science 2 Edinburgh Exam
Questions with Latest Update
How can small soluble signals cross membranes? - ANSWER-Gap-junctions

How can hydrophobic (lipid soluble) molecules cross membranes? - ANSWER-Diffuse

How can hydrophilic molecules cross membranes? - ANSWER-Pump/transporter
system, ion channels, vesicle fusion, indirect

What molecules can be packaged in vesicles? - ANSWER-proteins, peptides, amino
acids, nucleotides

What ions can travel via channels or transporters? - ANSWER-metal ions

What molecules can diffuse across membranes? - ANSWER-Gases and steroids

What is the fastest receptor? - ANSWER-ionotropic

What is the slowest receptor? - ANSWER-Steroid

How do ionotropic receptors work? - ANSWER-When ligand binds extracellular site,
opens ion channel and lets in ions of a specific charge.

How do metabotropic receptors work? - ANSWER-When ligands bind extracellular side,
causes G-proteins to bind to intracellular side, and causes cellular changes in general
cell activity and gene expression.

How do kinase-linked receptors work? - ANSWER-They phosphorylate proteins which
allows gene transcription to be regulated.

How do steroid receptors work? - ANSWER-affect gene expression within the nucleus

What are the signals for UB branching? - ANSWER-GDNF, Ret and GFR1a

Evidence for UB branching - ANSWER-UB and MM do not grow when separated, but
grow when reattached after separation

receptor response speed: ionotropic - ANSWER-

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