Foundations in Biology for Biomedical
Science EXAM 1 Questions with Correct
Answers
Name the 5 unifying themes of life - ANSWER-1. Organization
2. Information
3. Energy and Matter
4. Interactions
5. Evolution
1. Organization - ANSWER-def. correlation between structure and function
macromolecular ex. DNA
organismal ex. hummingbird's beak
2. Information - ANSWER-def. each chromosome has one long DNA molecule with
encoded genes
macromolecular ex. gene expression
3. Energy and Matter - ANSWER-macromolecular ex. sites of cellular respiration
4. Interactions - ANSWER-def. interactions between components of the system
organismal ex. organs, tissues, cells and molecules interact continuously
5. Evolution - ANSWER-def. scientific explanation of the unity and diversity of
organisms
macromolecular ex. descent with modification
Tree of Life (a.k.a.) - ANSWER-phylogenetic tree
Give an example of unity in diversity (hint: bacteria) - ANSWER-the cilia of a
paramecium are almost identical to the cilia of windpipe cilia
Types of Microscopes - ANSWER-Light microscope (LM)
Electron microscope (EM)
- Scanning Elec. Micro. (SCM)
- Transmission Elec. Micro. (TEM)
, Eukaryotic vs. Prokaryotic - ANSWER-EUK. - membrane enclosed organelles (largest
usually = nucleus)
PRO. - simpler, smaller, no nucleus
Multicellular eukaryotes depend on cell division for... - ANSWER-- development from a
fertilized cell
- growth
- repair
The cell cycle consists of the following [phases]: - ANSWER-Mitotic (M) phase
- (mitosis and cytokinesis)
Interphase
What is the general amount of time devoted in each phase? - ANSWER-Mitosis = ~1
hour
Interphase = ~23 hour
- G1 = ~11 hours
- S = ~ 8 hours
- G2 = ~4 hours
Name the general names for each stage of Interphase. - ANSWER-G1 = "first gap"
S = "synthesis"
G2 = "second gap"
What happens during G1? - ANSWER-normal cell function, cell growth, duplication of
organelles and protein synthesis
What happens during S? - ANSWER-DNA replication and histone synthesis
What happens during G2? - ANSWER-Protein synthesis
Where are the 3 checkpoints? - ANSWER-one in G1, one between G2 and M, one in M
All the DNA in a cell constitutes the cell's... - ANSWER-genome
Prokaryotic genome is typically: - ANSWER-a single DNA molecule
Eukaryotic genome consists of: - ANSWER-more than one DNA molecule
Eukaryotic chromosomes consist of: - ANSWER-chromatin
2n diploid =
n haploid = - ANSWER-somatic cells
gametes
Science EXAM 1 Questions with Correct
Answers
Name the 5 unifying themes of life - ANSWER-1. Organization
2. Information
3. Energy and Matter
4. Interactions
5. Evolution
1. Organization - ANSWER-def. correlation between structure and function
macromolecular ex. DNA
organismal ex. hummingbird's beak
2. Information - ANSWER-def. each chromosome has one long DNA molecule with
encoded genes
macromolecular ex. gene expression
3. Energy and Matter - ANSWER-macromolecular ex. sites of cellular respiration
4. Interactions - ANSWER-def. interactions between components of the system
organismal ex. organs, tissues, cells and molecules interact continuously
5. Evolution - ANSWER-def. scientific explanation of the unity and diversity of
organisms
macromolecular ex. descent with modification
Tree of Life (a.k.a.) - ANSWER-phylogenetic tree
Give an example of unity in diversity (hint: bacteria) - ANSWER-the cilia of a
paramecium are almost identical to the cilia of windpipe cilia
Types of Microscopes - ANSWER-Light microscope (LM)
Electron microscope (EM)
- Scanning Elec. Micro. (SCM)
- Transmission Elec. Micro. (TEM)
, Eukaryotic vs. Prokaryotic - ANSWER-EUK. - membrane enclosed organelles (largest
usually = nucleus)
PRO. - simpler, smaller, no nucleus
Multicellular eukaryotes depend on cell division for... - ANSWER-- development from a
fertilized cell
- growth
- repair
The cell cycle consists of the following [phases]: - ANSWER-Mitotic (M) phase
- (mitosis and cytokinesis)
Interphase
What is the general amount of time devoted in each phase? - ANSWER-Mitosis = ~1
hour
Interphase = ~23 hour
- G1 = ~11 hours
- S = ~ 8 hours
- G2 = ~4 hours
Name the general names for each stage of Interphase. - ANSWER-G1 = "first gap"
S = "synthesis"
G2 = "second gap"
What happens during G1? - ANSWER-normal cell function, cell growth, duplication of
organelles and protein synthesis
What happens during S? - ANSWER-DNA replication and histone synthesis
What happens during G2? - ANSWER-Protein synthesis
Where are the 3 checkpoints? - ANSWER-one in G1, one between G2 and M, one in M
All the DNA in a cell constitutes the cell's... - ANSWER-genome
Prokaryotic genome is typically: - ANSWER-a single DNA molecule
Eukaryotic genome consists of: - ANSWER-more than one DNA molecule
Eukaryotic chromosomes consist of: - ANSWER-chromatin
2n diploid =
n haploid = - ANSWER-somatic cells
gametes
