Principles of Biomedical Science - EOC
Review - Key Terms Exam Questions
with Complete Solutions
Biomedical Science - ANSWER-the application of the principles of the natural sciences,
especially biology and physiology, to clinical medicine
Control Group - ANSWER-The group in an experiment where the independent variable
being tested is not applied so that it may serve as a standard for comparison against the
experimental group where the independent variable is applied.
Dependent Variable - ANSWER-the measurable effect, outcome, or response in which
the research is interested
Experiment - ANSWER-a research study conducted to determine the effect that one
variable has upon another variable
Forensic Science - ANSWER-the application of scientific knowledge to questions of civil
and criminal law
Hypothesis - ANSWER-clear prediction of the anticipated results of an experiment
Independent Variable - ANSWER-the variable that is varied or manipulated by the
researcher
Negative Control - ANSWER-Control group where conditions produce a negative
outcome. Negative control groups help identify outside influences which may be present
that were not accounted for when the procedure was created.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs) - ANSWER-Specialized clothing or equipment,
worn by an employee for protection against infectious materials (as defined by OSHA).
Positive Control - ANSWER-Group expected to have a positive result, allowing the
researcher to show that the experimental set up was capable of producing results.
Adenine - ANSWER-A component of nucleic acids, energy-carrying molecules such as
ATP, and certain coenzymes. Chemically, it is a purine base.
Chromosome - ANSWER-Any of the usually linear bodies in the cell nucleus that
contain the genetic material.
Cytosine - ANSWER-A component of nucleic acids that carries hereditary information in
DNA and RNA in cells. Chemically, it is a pyrimidine base.
, Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA - ANSWER-A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid
molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's
proteins.
Gel Electrophoresis - ANSWER-The separation of nucleic acids or proteins, on the
basis of their size and electrical charge, by measuring their rate of movement through
an electrical field in a gel.
Gene - ANSWER-A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific
nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA, in some viruses).
Guanine - ANSWER-A component of nucleic acids that carries hereditary information in
DNA and RNA in cells. Chemically, it is a purine base.
Helix - ANSWER-Something spiral in form
Model - ANSWER-A simplified version of something complex used, for example, to
analyze and solve problems or make predictions.
Nucleotide - ANSWER-A building block of DNA, consisting of a five-carbon sugar
covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group.
Restriction Enzyme - ANSWER-A degradative enzyme that recognizes specific
nucleotide sequences and cuts up DNA.
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLPs) - ANSWER-Differences in DNA
sequence on homologous chromosomes that can result in different patterns of
restriction fragment lengths (DNA segments resulting from treatment with restriction
enzymes).
Thymine - ANSWER-A component of nucleic acid that carries hereditary information in
DNA in cells. Chemically, it is a pyrimidine base.
Autopsy - ANSWER-An examination of the body after death usually with such dissection
as will expose the vital organs for determining the cause of death.
Bibliography - ANSWER-A document showing all the sources used to research
information.
Citation - ANSWER-A written reference to a specific work (book, article, dissertation,
report, musical composition, etc.) by a particular author or creator which identifies the
document in which the work may be found.
Documentation - ANSWER-The act of creating citations to identify resources used in
writing a work.
Review - Key Terms Exam Questions
with Complete Solutions
Biomedical Science - ANSWER-the application of the principles of the natural sciences,
especially biology and physiology, to clinical medicine
Control Group - ANSWER-The group in an experiment where the independent variable
being tested is not applied so that it may serve as a standard for comparison against the
experimental group where the independent variable is applied.
Dependent Variable - ANSWER-the measurable effect, outcome, or response in which
the research is interested
Experiment - ANSWER-a research study conducted to determine the effect that one
variable has upon another variable
Forensic Science - ANSWER-the application of scientific knowledge to questions of civil
and criminal law
Hypothesis - ANSWER-clear prediction of the anticipated results of an experiment
Independent Variable - ANSWER-the variable that is varied or manipulated by the
researcher
Negative Control - ANSWER-Control group where conditions produce a negative
outcome. Negative control groups help identify outside influences which may be present
that were not accounted for when the procedure was created.
Personal Protective Equipment (PPEs) - ANSWER-Specialized clothing or equipment,
worn by an employee for protection against infectious materials (as defined by OSHA).
Positive Control - ANSWER-Group expected to have a positive result, allowing the
researcher to show that the experimental set up was capable of producing results.
Adenine - ANSWER-A component of nucleic acids, energy-carrying molecules such as
ATP, and certain coenzymes. Chemically, it is a purine base.
Chromosome - ANSWER-Any of the usually linear bodies in the cell nucleus that
contain the genetic material.
Cytosine - ANSWER-A component of nucleic acids that carries hereditary information in
DNA and RNA in cells. Chemically, it is a pyrimidine base.
, Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA - ANSWER-A double-stranded, helical nucleic acid
molecule capable of replicating and determining the inherited structure of a cell's
proteins.
Gel Electrophoresis - ANSWER-The separation of nucleic acids or proteins, on the
basis of their size and electrical charge, by measuring their rate of movement through
an electrical field in a gel.
Gene - ANSWER-A discrete unit of hereditary information consisting of a specific
nucleotide sequence in DNA (or RNA, in some viruses).
Guanine - ANSWER-A component of nucleic acids that carries hereditary information in
DNA and RNA in cells. Chemically, it is a purine base.
Helix - ANSWER-Something spiral in form
Model - ANSWER-A simplified version of something complex used, for example, to
analyze and solve problems or make predictions.
Nucleotide - ANSWER-A building block of DNA, consisting of a five-carbon sugar
covalently bonded to a nitrogenous base and a phosphate group.
Restriction Enzyme - ANSWER-A degradative enzyme that recognizes specific
nucleotide sequences and cuts up DNA.
Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphisms (RFLPs) - ANSWER-Differences in DNA
sequence on homologous chromosomes that can result in different patterns of
restriction fragment lengths (DNA segments resulting from treatment with restriction
enzymes).
Thymine - ANSWER-A component of nucleic acid that carries hereditary information in
DNA in cells. Chemically, it is a pyrimidine base.
Autopsy - ANSWER-An examination of the body after death usually with such dissection
as will expose the vital organs for determining the cause of death.
Bibliography - ANSWER-A document showing all the sources used to research
information.
Citation - ANSWER-A written reference to a specific work (book, article, dissertation,
report, musical composition, etc.) by a particular author or creator which identifies the
document in which the work may be found.
Documentation - ANSWER-The act of creating citations to identify resources used in
writing a work.
