Principles of Biomedical Science Unit
2.2 Exam Questions with Verified
Answers
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) - ANSWER-A medical imaging technique that uses
magnetic fields and radio waves to take pictures of the soft tissues of the body.
eukaryotic - ANSWER-Organisms that have membrane-bound organelles.
somatic cell - ANSWER-Any cell in the human body that is not a sex cell
mitosis - ANSWER-A process that takes place in the nucleus of a dividing cell. Mitosis
involves the doubling and separation of genetic material and results in the formation of
two new nuclei, which each have the same number of chromosomes as the parent
nucleus.
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) - ANSWER-A type of nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide
monomers with a ribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosine (C),
guanine (G), and thymine (T). DNA is double-stranded and helical and functions in
protein synthesis and as the genome of some viruses.
chromosome - ANSWER-Tightly coiled DNA that is found in the nuclei of cells.
homologous chromosomes - ANSWER-Chromosome pairs, one from each parent,
having similar gene composition, size, and structure.
Chromatid - ANSWER-One half of a chromosome.
centromere - ANSWER-The centralized region joining two sister chromatids.
tumor - ANSWER-A lump or mass of cells caused by uncontrolled cell division;
categorized as benign or malignant.
benign - ANSWER-A tumor that is not cancerous; benign tumors are generally
considered harmless.
malignant - ANSWER-A cancerous tumor which will grow and spread to invade other
tissues or parts of the body.
metastasis - ANSWER-The spread of cancerous cells to other tissues or parts of the
body.
2.2 Exam Questions with Verified
Answers
Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) - ANSWER-A medical imaging technique that uses
magnetic fields and radio waves to take pictures of the soft tissues of the body.
eukaryotic - ANSWER-Organisms that have membrane-bound organelles.
somatic cell - ANSWER-Any cell in the human body that is not a sex cell
mitosis - ANSWER-A process that takes place in the nucleus of a dividing cell. Mitosis
involves the doubling and separation of genetic material and results in the formation of
two new nuclei, which each have the same number of chromosomes as the parent
nucleus.
deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) - ANSWER-A type of nucleic acid consisting of nucleotide
monomers with a ribose sugar and the nitrogenous bases adenine (A), cytosine (C),
guanine (G), and thymine (T). DNA is double-stranded and helical and functions in
protein synthesis and as the genome of some viruses.
chromosome - ANSWER-Tightly coiled DNA that is found in the nuclei of cells.
homologous chromosomes - ANSWER-Chromosome pairs, one from each parent,
having similar gene composition, size, and structure.
Chromatid - ANSWER-One half of a chromosome.
centromere - ANSWER-The centralized region joining two sister chromatids.
tumor - ANSWER-A lump or mass of cells caused by uncontrolled cell division;
categorized as benign or malignant.
benign - ANSWER-A tumor that is not cancerous; benign tumors are generally
considered harmless.
malignant - ANSWER-A cancerous tumor which will grow and spread to invade other
tissues or parts of the body.
metastasis - ANSWER-The spread of cancerous cells to other tissues or parts of the
body.
