Unit 8 AP World History: Modern Latest Updated Already Passed

Unit 8 AP World History: Modern Latest Updated Already Passed Yalta Conference Held February 4-11, 1945, was the World War II meeting of the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom, and the Soviet Union to discuss the postwar reorganization of Germany and Europe. Potsdam Conference Held near Berlin, the Potsdam Conference (July 17-August 2, 1945) was the last of the World War II meetings held by the "Big Three" heads of state. Featuring American President Harry S. Truman, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill (and his successor, Clement Attlee) and Soviet Premier Joseph Stalin, the talks established a Council of Foreign Ministers and a central Allied Control Council for administration of Germany. The leaders arrived at various agreements on the German economy, punishment for war criminals, land boundaries and reparations. Although talks primarily centered on postwar Europe, the Big Three also issued a declaration demanding "unconditional surrender" from Japan. Iron Curtain Winston Churchill's term for the Cold War division between the Sovietdominated East and the U.S.-dominated West. The Iron Curtain was significant because it symbolizes efforts by the Soviet Union to implement moderate socialist economic reforms and committed India to a policy of industrialization. Berlin Blockade/Airlift The blockade was an attempt in 1948 by the Soviet Union to limit the ability of France, Great Britain and the United States to travel to their sectors of Berlin, which lay within Russian-occupied East Germany. The airlift was a military operation in the late 1940s that brought food and other needed goods into West Berlin by air after the government of East Germany, which at that time surrounded West Berlin (see Berlin wall) (see also Berlin wall), had cut off its supply routes.Berlin Wall A wall that separated West Berlin, Germany, from East Germany, which surrounded it until 1989. At the end of World War II, the victorious Allies divided Berlin, the German capital, into four sectors. The eastern, or Russian, sector became the capital of communist East Germany. NATO Organization formed in 1949 as a military alliance of western European and North American states against the Soviet Union and its east European allies. NATO was significant because it was the first peacetime military alliance the United States entered into outside of the Western Hemisphere. Warsaw Pact The 1955 treaty binding the Soviet Union and the countries of eastern Europe in an alliance against the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. The Warsaw Pact was significant because it was a symbol of Soviet dominance in Eastern Europe and it was a big opponent to American capitalism. United Nations International organization founded in 1945 to promote world peace and cooperation. It replaced the League of Nations. The United Stations was significant because it maintains international peace and security. World Bank A specialized agency of the United Nations that makes loans to countries for economic development, trade promotion, and debt consolidation. Its formal name is the International Bank for Reconstruction and Development. The World Bank was significant because it helps emerging market countries to reduce poverty. Marshall Plan U. S. program to support the reconstruction of western Europe after World War II. By 1961 more than $20 billion in economic aid had been dispersed. The Marshall Plan was significant because it helped to rebuild western European economy after WWII.