HESI Med-Surg

HESI Med-Surg The nurse is evaluating a male client's understanding of diet teaching about DASH (dietary approaches to stop hypertension) eating plan. Which behavior indicates that the client is adhering to the eating plan - answer-Enjoys fat free yogurt as an occasional snack food A client with carcinoma of the lung is complaining of weakness and has a serum sodium level of 117 mEq/L. Which nursing problem should the nurse include in this client's plan of care? A) Altered Urinary Elimination B) Impaired Gas Exchange C) Fluid Volume Excess D) Decreased Cardiac Output - answer-C) Fluid Volume Excess The nurse is assessing clients in an outpatient diabetic clinic. Which entry provides the best indication that the client is adhering to the prescribed diabetic regimen? - answer-Hemoglobin A1C of 6.2% A normal A1C level is below 5.7%, a level of 5.7% to 6.4% indicates pre-diabetes, and a level of 6.5% or more indicates diabetes. Within the 5.7% to 6.4% pre-diabetes range, the higher your A1C, the greater your risk is for developing type 2 diabetes. A client who has developed acute kidney injury (AKI) due to an amino glycoside antibiotic has moved from the oliguric phase to the diuretic phase of AKI. Which parameters are most important for the nurse to plan to carefully monitor? - answer-Hypovolemia and ECG changes Hypovolemia - low extracellular fluid Which nursing problem should be included in the plan of care for a client with heart failure? - answer-Activity intolerance related to oxygen deficit secondary to inefficient cardiac contractility A client is receiving an IV infusion of regular insulin 60 units in 100mL of normal saline at 5 units/hour. How many mL/hr? Round to nearest whole number. - answer-8 mL To reduce the risk for pulmonary complication for a client with ALS, which interventions should the nurse implement? Select all that apply - answer-Chest Physiotherapy Teach the client breathing exercises Encourage use of incentive spirometer The healthcare provider prescribes streptomycin 300 mg IM q12 hours for a client with TB. The available vial is labels 1 g/2.5 mL. How many mL? Round to the nearest tenth. - answer-0.8 mL In providing discharge teaching to a client with COPD, which instruction is most important for the nurse to emphasize? - answer-Notify the healthcare provider of any change in sputum color. The nurse brings a scheduled dose of docusate calcium to a male who has cirrhosis of the liver. The client states that he never had bowel problems and does not need a stool softener. Which action should the nurse take? - answer-Withhold the medication until consulting with the healthcare provider. The nurse is assessing a client who is receiving enteral feedings. Which clinical data indicates the client may not be tolerating the tube feedings? Select all that appyl - answer-n/v Abdominal cramping Absent Bowel Sounds A client is admitted to the hospital for shortness of breath and chest pain after an episode of syncope. Which lab finding? - answer-Troponin I The nurse reports that a client is at risk for a brain attack (stroke) based on which assessment finding? a) nuchal rigidity b) palpable cervical lymph nodes. c) jugular vein distention d) carotid bruit - answer-D) carotid bruit A postoperative client esports incisional pain. The client has two prescriptions for PRN analgesia that accompanied the client from the post anesthesia unit. Before selecting which medication to administer, which action should the nurse implement? - answer-Compare the client's pain scale rating with the prescribed dosing. A client with newly diagnosed Crohn's disease asks the nurse about dietary restrictions. How should the nurse respond? - answer-Describe the use of an elimination diet to find trigger foods During a routine assessment at an outpatient clinic, the nurse notes that a client has abdominal obesity and high waist-hip ratio, with a BMI of 32 kg/m^2. Which actions should the nurse take in response to these findings? - answer-Discuss the importance of a regular exercise program Measure the client's blood pressure in both arms Screen for a family history for diabetes melitus In assessing a client with ulcers on the lower extremity, which finding indicates that the ulcers are likely to be venous, rather than arterial? - answer-Irregular ulcer shapes and severe edema During a preoperative assessment phone call, a client states taking several "pills" everyday. Whi