Galen Pharm 210

Galen Pharm 210 Questions And Answers 2 highly bound protein drugs - 2 highly protein bound drugs-its going to be effective-the weakly protein-bound medication is not going to attach to a receptor-site-also puts patient at risk for toxicity. Additive Drug Effects - When two drugs are administered in combination, and the response is increased beyond what either could produce alone.• In other words, DRUG + DRUG = 2 Administering Liquid Medication - • Read labels to determine whether diluting or shaking is required. • Pour desired volume of liquid so base of meniscus is level with mL increment on plastic cup. o View amount at eye level. • Measure liquid medication in a mL syringe and squirt liquid into dosing cup. • Suspension/elixir (page 97)-Elixirs are sweetened, hydro alcoholic liquids used in the preparation of oral liquid medications. Emulsions are a mixture of two liquids that are not mutually soluble. Suspensions are liquids in which particles are mixed but not dissolved. • Tablets/Capsules (page 97)• IO=means intraosseous Adverse effects - Adverse effects are unintentional, unexpected reactions to drug therapy that occur at normal drug dosages. May be mild to severe and include anaphylaxis. Adverse drug reactions are always undesirable and must be reported and documented. "but did it kill you?" Anti- (Migraine)- Sumatriptan - Uses: Migraines, Cluster headache S/E: Drowsy, Flushing, warm sensation Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Bradycardia Pt teaching: Only use during a migraine attack, avoid alcohol, overuse can cause headache Contraindications: History of hypertension, liver failure, pregnancy Anti-gout- Allopurinol - Uses: Lowers uric acid levels S/E: GI upset, dizziness Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Hepatotoxicity, hepatotoxicity Pt teaching: No alcohol, increase water intake, alkaline diet Nursing considerations: I &O, monitor kidney function Lab values: I&O, BUN, Creatinine Contraindications: Severe kidney disease Antipsychotic- Haloperidol - Uses: Schizophrenia, Acute sycosis S/E: Dry mouth, Sedation Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: EPS(Tremors) NMS(fever, rigidity) Contradictions: Mood stabilizers & antipsychotics Antiseizure- (Valproate)- Valproate acid - Uses: Seizures S/E: Drowsy, Dizzy Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: hepatotoxicity, suicidal thoughts Pt teaching: monitor CBC, platelets, bleeding time Nursing considerations: Institute seizure, precautions, assess suicidal tendencies Contraindications: Pregnancy, PT's with liver disease ( Take 2-3 hours before or after antacids)( Take @ same time every day) Antiseizure- Barbiturate- Phenobarbital - Uses: Anti-convulsant S/E: Drowsy, Dizzy Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Respiratory depression if you take too much Pt teaching: Notify PCP of S/S of angioedema, fever, sore throat, swelling, nose bleeds, No alcohol Nursing considerations: Monitor BP, Pulse, Resp, S/S of angioedema Lab values: Hepatic function, renal function, CBC Contraindications: Pregnancy ( Take 2-3 hours before or after antiacids)( Take @ same time every day) Antiseizure- Hydantoin- Phenytoin - Uses: prevention of grand mal Seizures S/E: Red/pink urine, N/V, thick gums, drowsy, hypotension, ataxia Adverse reactions/ Toxicity: Steven Johnson syndrome, blood dysrasia, aplastic anemia, suicidal thoughts, cardiac arrest Pt teaching: monitor behavior changes Nursing considerations: Do not take with anticoagulants or warfarin, no herbal remedies, eat more calcium, avoid alcohol