COG170 Chapter 9: Summaries Cogito Fundamentals 100% SOLUTIONS QUESTION AND CORRECT ANSWER

COG170 Chapter 9: Summaries Cogito Fundamentals 100% SOLUTIONS QUESTION AND CORRECT ANSWER How could you find out what options are available for you to use in dividing up a pie chart, choosing categories for your bar graph, or setting up levels of a grouped summary? - ANSWER Check the list of Available and Used columns in the Display tab of your report. What controls the list of available measures in SlicerDicer? - ANSWER Measures are chosen from the list of filters (FDS records) available in a given data model. True or False: In table components, the colored indicators can have different thresholds for each row. - ANSWER True. On the Thresholds tab in the Output Format form, you can specify overrides for each row to have its own thresholds. What causes of concern would we have about a table component with the following threshold settings? Column Lower Bound Upper Bound Alert Percent 34 67 Yellow Percent 0 33 Green Percent 68 Red a. Percent thresholds should divide into perfectly equal parts (e.g. 33.33, 66.66) b. The thresholds do not account for decimal percent values c. Percent values are unavailable for threshold logic d. Alerts should always be ordered from lowest to highest severity, or highest to lowest severity - ANSWER b. The thresholds do not account for decimal percent values Whichever summary format the report builder chooses, they will have to specify how the data is grouped - what does that mean? - ANSWER Grouping - All summarization formats fundamentally group data by common characteristics, and then perform summarization functions on all the data which shares that characteristic. What is a summarization function? - ANSWER Once data has been grouped, summarization functions aggregate the data and define how it should be displayed for each group. Choosing the wrong summarization function can obfuscate the data. Define - Summarization Functions - Count - ANSWER Tells how many non null values there are! Count - One of the most common summarization functions is count. Counting a column means that for each group, your summary will show how many rows in the group have a value in that column. Count does not care what the value is, only that it exists. This means the only rows not counted are those containing a NULL in the counted column. Define - Summarization Functions - Count Unique - ANSWER How many different values! Counting unique values in a group is very different from performing a simple count. Counting unique values will display the number of different values stored in a column for each group. NULL values will still not be counted. Define - Summarization Functions - Sum - ANSWER Adds together - Sum is only used for numeric columns. It adds up the values in a column for each group. When adding up numbers, neither a 0 nor a NULL will affect the total sum. Define - Summarization Functions - Average - ANSWER Sum divided by Count - Average is also applied to numeric values and can be thought of as Sum divided by Count. It is important to recognize that since the denominator of this function is a Count, this means that the number of NULL values will not be considered when calculating an average. Define - Summarization Functions - Percentage - ANSWER A percentage can be thought of as the ratio of two counts or two sums. One function is the numerator, and one function is the denominator. For a count-based percentage, it is common for the denominator to be a count of all rows in the population, with a numerator being the count of all rows in the group. Since both the numerator and the denominator are counts, no NULLs will be included in either. For a sum-based percentage, the denominator is usually the sum of all numbers in the data set, while the numerator is the sum of then numbers in just one group. Since the sum function does not include NULLs, both the numerator and denominator will ignore them. There are several common errors made when choosing how to summarize. Follow these rules. (list three) - ANSWER • DO NOT use a count function on numeric data to find total amount. • DO NOT use count unique unless you want to display "number of different values." • When using an average function, find out if the column stores a NULL or a 0 when no data is entered. Which Function? choose the correct summarization function(s) you might need. How much money did we charge in 2011? - ANSWER Sum Which Function? choose the correct summarization function(s) you might need. How many patients were seen in each clinic? - ANSWER Count Unique Which Function?, choose the correct summarization function(s) you might need. What portion of our total payments were received from Medicare? - ANSWER Percentage Which Function? choose the correct summarization