2023 AQA GCSE FOOD PREPARATION AND NUTRITION 8585/W Paper 1 Food Preparation and Nutrition Question Paper & Mark scheme (Merged)

2023 AQA GCSE FOOD PREPARATION AND NUTRITION 8585/W Paper 1 Food Preparation and Nutrition Question Paper & Mark scheme (Merged) ditives - -natural or synthetic chemical substances added to food during manufacture or processing to improve the quality, flavour, colour, texture, or stability of the product aeration - -incorporating air into a mixture agitate - -to stir, shake, or disturb a liquid al dente - -'firm to the bite', a description of the texture of correctly cooked pasta allergies - -an immune system reaction that occurs soon after eating a certain food and can cause severe symptoms ambient - -foods that can be stored at room temperature (19-21 Celsius) in a sealed container; all foods found on supermarket shelves are ambient foods amino acids - -the building blocks of proteins anaemia - -diet related health condition caused by lack of iron in the body, where the body lacks enough healthy red blood cells or haemoglobin animal welfare - -a duty of care on people to ensure that animals are treated as well as possible antioxidant - -a molecule that is able to stop the oxidisation process in other molecules and therefore can be useful in stopping foods from deteriorating; they can prevent or slow down damage to the body which can otherwise lead to other diseases such as heart disease; and they can improve our immune system antioxidant vitamins - -Vitamins A, D, and E; found in fruit and vegetables au gratin - -a dish sprinkled with breadcrumbs or cheese and breadcrumbs then browned under the grill bacteria - -pathogenic microscopic living organisms , usually single-celled, that can be found everywhere; they can be dangerous, such as when they cause infection, or beneficial, as in the process of fermentation (wine) baking - -convection & conduction, cooking food in a hot oven balanced diet - -a diet which provides all the necessary nutrients in the correct amount/proportions to meet the body's needs Basal Metabolic Rate (MBR) - -the amount of energy (in kilo joules, kJ) the body needs to stay alive