Anatomy and Physiology II Lecture- Chapter 19-21 Exam Studyguide

Anatomy and Physiology II Lecture- Chapter 19-21 Exam Studyguide Each of the following is a characteristic of whole blood, except a ️viscosity about the same as water. Blood volume represents about ________ percent of a person's body weight. ️7 The most abundant component of plasma is (are) ️water Which of the following is not one of the formed elements of blood? ️antibodies Whole blood for testing in a clinical laboratory is usually collected from ️a superficial vein. A triglyceride + globulin complex is termed a(n) __________. ️lipoprotein Transferrin is an example of which kind of plasma protein? ️metalloprotein Which plasma protein transports fatty acids and some hormones? ️albumin The most abundant proteins in blood plasma are ️albumins Plasma proteins essential in body defense are the ️immunoglobulins Which of the following would you expect to see in increased numbers in a peripheral blood sample after donating a unit of blood? ️reticulocytes The developmental stage at which erythrocytes enter the circulation is as ️reticulocytes. Which of these proteins functions to store or transport iron? ️ferritin, hemosiderin, and transferrin The waste product bilirubin is produced from ️heme molecules lacking iron. Erythropoiesis is stimulated when ️blood flow to the kidney declines. Eileen is a strict vegan and therefore eats no animal products. She develops an anemia that her doctor thinks is caused by a nutritional deficiency. Which of the following is the likeliest candidate? ️vitamin B12 deficiency Reticulocytes complete their development into ________ in the circulation. ️erythrocytes Surgical removal of the stomach could cause ️pernicious anemia. If bile ducts are blocked, ️more bilirubin appears in the plasma. When a person who lives at sea level vacations in the Rocky Mountains, you would expect ️All of the answers are correct. The average life span of a red blood cell is ️4 months A bruise appears as a greenish spot in the skin because ️the heme group in the hemoglobin has broken down into biliverdin. In adults, red bone marrow is located in the ️All of the answers are correct. The site of red blood cell production in an adult is the __________. ️red bone marrow Mary is tested for the amount of hemoglobin in her blood. The test results indicate that her hemoglobin level is 16 g/dL of blood. This value indicates that ️her hemoglobin level is normal. Aged and damaged erythrocytes are broken down by macrophages in the ️spleen, liver, and bone marrow. Which of the following cells arise from a lymphoid stem cell? ️lymphocytes The clumping of red blood cells, when the specific antibody against the antigen on the cells is added, is called ️agglutination People with type O blood are considered "universal donors" for transfusions because __________. ️their red blood cells lack A and B surface antigens Which of the following combinations may result in the hemolytic disease of the newborn? ️mother Rh negative, baby Rh positive A person with a type A positive blood can safely receive blood from all of these donors EXCEPT __________. ️B positive A patient has an infected puncture wound to her foot. Which type of white blood cell would you expect to be elevated in a differential white cell count? ️neutrophils Non-specific immunity, such as phagocytosis, is a function of which blood cells? ️neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes The most numerous WBCs in a differential count of a healthy individual are ️neutrophils ________ are large phagocytic white cells that spend most of their time outside the blood as fixed and free phagocytic cells. ️monocytes Eosinophils function in ️destroying antibody-labeled antigens. Antihistamines would work best against which type of WBC? ️basophil During a bacterial infection you would expect to see increased numbers of ️neutrophils The blood cells involved in specific immunity are the ️lymphocytes Platelets are pinched off from giant multinucleated cells in the bone marrow called ️megakaryocytes. Which of the following descriptions best matches the function of platelets? ️adhere to collagen beneath endothelium The enzyme that can digest fibrin and dissolve a clot is ️plasmin Areas in a vessel wall where large quantities of lipid accumulate are called ️plaques Endothelial cells release ________ that stimulate smooth muscle contraction and accelerate the repair process. ️endothelins The common pathway of coagulation begins with the ️activation of Factor X, production of