AEA Study Guide

AEA Study Guide ___________ is defined as the maximum force that can be exerted by a muscle or a muscle group against a resistance - Muscular Strength What type of stretching activates the muscle spindles, specialized receptors in the muscle that monitor muscle length change and the speed of muscle length change? - Ballistic Stretching Name the six skill-related components of fitness - Balance, coordination speed, power, agility, and reaction time What is the difference between maximal heart rate and heart rate reserve - Maximal HR is the highest HR a person can achieve. It is measured with a max HR test or estimated with 220 minus your age. Heart rate reserve is your miximal HR minus (-) your resting HR How does compression lower your heart rate in the water? - The water compresses all body systems, included the vascular system, causing a smaller venous load on the heart, reducing heart rate What is the ACSM's (2018) recommended frequency for resistance training? - two to three days per week for each major muscle group Define body composition - The body's relative pertentage of fat as compared to lean tissue (bone, muscles, and organs). List five benefits of regular exercise - - Improves physical appearance - Increases functional capactiy -Heart beccomes stronger - Strengthens the walls of the blood vessels -Improves strength and endurance -Improves the efficiency of the nervous, lymph, and endocrine system - Improves psychological function When calculating exercise intensity, a popular method is the Karvonen Formula, which is known as the _____________ - Heart Rate Reserve Method _________ is a subjective method of assessing effort, strain, discomfort, and fatigue experienced during exercise - Rating of Preceirved Exertion The skeletal system provides our bodies with support, protection, and ____________ - Structure during the cardiac cycle, ____________ is the active contraction of the heart muscle and __________ is the relaxation of the heart muscle. - -Systole -Diastole Which characteristic of muscle allows it to shorten and thicken? - Contractibility The ___________ muscle group flexes the leg at the knee - Hamstring What is a motor neuron? - Efferent neurons (nerve cells) that relay outgoing information from the central nervous system to the muscle cells Describe the Valsalva maneuver - Holding one's breath while exerting, such as during exercise, creates unequal pressure in the chest, causing blood pressure to drop and decreasing blodo flow to the heart. Resuming normal breathign creates a surge in blood to the heart, causing a sharp increase in blood pressure Name the five systems of the body most actively involved in movement and exercise - Skeletal, muscular, nervous, respiratory, and cardiovascular systems In a muscle pair, the muscle that is actively contracting is referred to as the ____________, or prime mover - Agonist List the three type of muscle tissues in the human body - Visceral, Cardiac, and Skeletal The process by which bones grow in the body is called ______________ - Ossification