APHY 102 Quiz 1 with complete solutions
Hydrophobic
1.) Fear of water.
2.) Steroid hormones: testosterone, estrogen.
3.) Fats.
Hydrophilic
1.) Love of water.
2.) Amino-acid hormones: insulin.
If a hormone is a steroid based hormone, does it bind to a hormone receptor on the cell surface, or
does it diffuse through the plasma membrane?
It diffuses through the plasma membrane.
Steroid based hormones
Bind to internal receptors.
Amino-acid based hormones
Can't get through so they bind to cell-surface receptors.
Hormone
1.) Chemical that travels through the blood.
2.) Has to fit the receptor. Hormones are very specific.
Neural
Nervous system causes the release of a hormone.
-Ex: Sympathetic nervous system: releases epinephrine.
Hormoral
Hormone causes the release of another hormone.
-Ex: TSH from the pituitary causes the thyroid to release a hormone.
Humoral
CHEMICAL, other than a hormone, that causes a hormone to be released.
-Ex: Glucose in your blood causes insulin to be released from the pancreas.
Negative Feedback
Decreases the original stimulus.
Positive Feedback
Increases the original stimulus.
-Ex: Oxytosin induces childbirth.
Up-Regulation
Makes more hormones or receptors.
, Down-Regulation
Produce fewer hormones or receptors.
Oxytocin
is stored in the posterior pituitary and is used in a positive feedback response to control contractions.
Which of the following is not an endocrine gland?
A.) pancreas
B.) anterior pituitary
C.) posterior pituitary
D.) adrenal cortex
C.) Posterior pituitary
Synergism
More than one hormone produces the same effects at the target cell and their combined effects are
amplified.
ACTH
1.) Produced by the anterior pituitary.
2.) Stimulates the adrenal cortex to release glucocorticoids that help the body to resist stressors.
Parathyroid hormone/calcitonin
Antagonists that regulate blood calcium ion levels.
The adrenal cortex is responsible for producing?
Cortisol and aldosterone.
Cortisol
Stress hormone.
The release of melatonin leads is from _________________.
The pineal gland.
Which of the following is NOT a part of the lymphatic system?
A.) spleen
B.) pancreas
C.) lymph nodes
D.) tonsils
B.) Pancreas
These cells function to produce antibodies.
A.) plasma cells
B.) macrophages
C.) T-cells
D.) Dendritic cells
Hydrophobic
1.) Fear of water.
2.) Steroid hormones: testosterone, estrogen.
3.) Fats.
Hydrophilic
1.) Love of water.
2.) Amino-acid hormones: insulin.
If a hormone is a steroid based hormone, does it bind to a hormone receptor on the cell surface, or
does it diffuse through the plasma membrane?
It diffuses through the plasma membrane.
Steroid based hormones
Bind to internal receptors.
Amino-acid based hormones
Can't get through so they bind to cell-surface receptors.
Hormone
1.) Chemical that travels through the blood.
2.) Has to fit the receptor. Hormones are very specific.
Neural
Nervous system causes the release of a hormone.
-Ex: Sympathetic nervous system: releases epinephrine.
Hormoral
Hormone causes the release of another hormone.
-Ex: TSH from the pituitary causes the thyroid to release a hormone.
Humoral
CHEMICAL, other than a hormone, that causes a hormone to be released.
-Ex: Glucose in your blood causes insulin to be released from the pancreas.
Negative Feedback
Decreases the original stimulus.
Positive Feedback
Increases the original stimulus.
-Ex: Oxytosin induces childbirth.
Up-Regulation
Makes more hormones or receptors.
, Down-Regulation
Produce fewer hormones or receptors.
Oxytocin
is stored in the posterior pituitary and is used in a positive feedback response to control contractions.
Which of the following is not an endocrine gland?
A.) pancreas
B.) anterior pituitary
C.) posterior pituitary
D.) adrenal cortex
C.) Posterior pituitary
Synergism
More than one hormone produces the same effects at the target cell and their combined effects are
amplified.
ACTH
1.) Produced by the anterior pituitary.
2.) Stimulates the adrenal cortex to release glucocorticoids that help the body to resist stressors.
Parathyroid hormone/calcitonin
Antagonists that regulate blood calcium ion levels.
The adrenal cortex is responsible for producing?
Cortisol and aldosterone.
Cortisol
Stress hormone.
The release of melatonin leads is from _________________.
The pineal gland.
Which of the following is NOT a part of the lymphatic system?
A.) spleen
B.) pancreas
C.) lymph nodes
D.) tonsils
B.) Pancreas
These cells function to produce antibodies.
A.) plasma cells
B.) macrophages
C.) T-cells
D.) Dendritic cells
