POAT Midterm Exam Test Questions With 100% Correct Answers 2024

POAT Midterm Exam Test Questions With 100% Correct Answers 2024 Initial Contact / Heel Strike - ANSWER- Begins the moment the foot touches the ground and is the 1st phase of double support, the heel rocker is initiated Hip flexion, quad and hamstring activation for knee stability, ankle DF to control foot contact with ground Loading Response - ANSWER- The body absorbs the impact of the weight being transferred onto the outstretched limb through controlled knee flexion and the heel rocker action Hip extension, knee flexion for shock absorption, and ankle PF to control tibial advancement Midstance - ANSWER- The body begins to move from force absorption at impact to force propulsion forward Hip moves from flexion to extension, the knee reaches maximal flexion and then begins to extend in single limb stance, ankle DF Terminal Stance - ANSWER- Begins when the heel leaves the floor. In this phase, the body weight is divided over the metatarsal heads (toe rocker) Hip hyperextends then goes into flexion, slight knee flexion, ankle PF Pre-swing / Toe off - ANSWER- Toes are still in contact, hip becomes less extended, 2nd phase of double-limb support occurs as weight is rapidly transferred to the contralateral limb Hip extension decreases, knee flexion, ankle PF increases Initial Swing - ANSWER- Hip extends then flexes, knee flexes, ankle ends in a neutral position as the limb moves from the trailing limb position and the foot clears the floor Hip extension then flexion, knee flexion, ankle PF to neutral position Midswing - ANSWER- Limb advancement and foot clearance continue to be important in this phase Hip flexes, knee flexes then extends, ankle DF Terminal Swing - ANSWER- Deceleration of swing limb and preparation for stance phase occur Hip flexion, knee maximally extends in a locked position, ankle in a neutral position Determinants of Functional Gait - ANSWER- 1. Stance phase stability 2. Clearance in swing phase 3. Swing phase pre-positioning 4. adequate step length 5. energy conservation Stance Phase Stability - ANSWER- Must be stable to respond to the GRF as the patient moves through stance phase Clearance in swing phase - ANSWER- To minimize risk of stumbling influence by the maintenance of a level pelvis to relatively shorten the length of the swinging limb. This is achieved by stance limb abductor muscle, and the hip, knee flexors, and ankle flexors Swing phase pre-positioning - ANSWER- Foot must be positioned for effective initial contact and loading response Adequate step length - ANSWER- Sufficient ROM and motor control of the limb is essential to ensure normal step length Energy conservation - ANSWER- Impacted by timing, muscle performance, coordination, balance, and postural control of the gait cycle First Rocker - ANSWER- Heel rocker The transition from swing into early stance, controlled lowering of the forefoot occurs, with a fulcrum at the heel. anterior muscles on lower leg control this movement (eccentric) Second Rocker - ANSWER- Ankle Rocker Controlled forward progression of the tibia over the foot occurs, with motions at the talocrural joint of the ankle