Unit 6 Arguments by Analogy

Arguments by Analogy are based on the idea that if a certain property or relation exists between two things (A and B), it will also exist between two other things (C and D) that share a similarity with A. Analogies are often expressed as A : B :: C : D. There are different types of analogical arguments, including Precedent Analogies that rely on similarities in circumstances, Causal Analogies that predict future events based on previous ones, and Illustrative Analogies that provide comparisons to aid understanding. When analyzing analogies, it is important to consider the strength of the relationship outlined in the premise, the similarities between the base terms, and the logical consistency with prior beliefs. Caution should be exercised when comparing parts and wholes to avoid fallacies of composition and division. 132 Words