NUR 631 MIDTERM EXAM NEWEST 2024 ACTUAL EXAM 150 QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS (VERIFIED ANSWERS) |ALREADY GRADED A+

A student is preparing to irrigate a patient's wound and gathers supplies, including hydrogen peroxide. What response by the healthcare professional is best? - ....ANSWER...Tell the student to get some normal saline instead. A student asks why some vaccinations are given orally and some are given by injection. What response by the professor is best? - ....ANSWER...Each route stimulates a different lymphocyte-containing tissue, resulting in different types of cellular and humoral immunity. A patient is having an IgE-mediated hypersensitivity reaction. What action by the healthcare professional is best? - ....ANSWER...Give the patient an antihistamine A student asks about the mechanism that results in type II hypersensitivity reactions. What description by the professor is best? - ....ANSWER...Antibodies bind to the antigens on the cell surface Which mother does the healthcare professional prepare to administer Rh immune globulin (Rho-GAM) to? - ....ANSWER...Mother is Rh-negative and the fetus is Rhpositive If you're assessing a kid & find cap refill 4 Seconds, what is your differential diagnosis? - ....ANSWER...Shock What is the main goal if treating a patient in shock? - ....ANSWER...Increase Supply, Decrease Demand. Increase supply of CO, O2, & Tissue Perfusion. (Need a Better Supply Than Demand) If you have a child that is a Burn patient, how do we know that they will have a higher Morbidity and Mortality? - ....ANSWER...Less Body Surface Area Results in a Lack of Glycogen Stores (less than adult has) What are S/S of Shock in a Newborn? - ....ANSWER...Bradycardia Hypoglycemia Temperature Not Regulated How do kids compensate for Cardiogenic Shock? List all - ....ANSWER...4 different ways: 1. Adrenergic Response: Increases HR, Increases CO 2. Vasoconstriction: Increases BP 3. Spanchnic Arteries: Divert Blood away from extremities, give it to kidneys, heart, & lungs 4. Renin Angiotensin Aldosterone System is stimulated In a carcinoma, we see Abnormal Proliferation of which Tissue? - ....ANSWER...Epithelial Cells What's it called when you can no longer show Differentiation at a cellular level? - ....ANSWER...Anaplasia I have an H & H of 7.3 and 15. Give me some differential diagnosis: - ....ANSWER...chronic bleeding malabsorption of iron malnutrition What are some ways you can avoid getting cancer - ....ANSWER...Diet Exercise Avoid excessive Alcohol Don't Smoke Avoid Environmental Toxins Avoid Occupational Hazards What kind of CA do we see that is linked to a congenital malformation syndrome? - ....ANSWER...Wilm's Tumor If you diagnose a child with AIDS,what are they at HIGH RISK for developing as well? - ....ANSWER...Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma Why do our Lymph Nodes Become Bigger & Tender when exposed to an Infection? - ....ANSWER...B Lymphocyte Proliferation If we have never been exposed to an allergy, what cells go in and get rid of Tumor for us? - ....ANSWER...Natural Killer Cells Pt comes in with enlarged spleen & liver, bronze colored tan skin, & dysrhythmias on monitor. What do you suspect? - ....ANSWER...Hemochromatosis What is Polycythemia Vera? - ....ANSWER...Too many RBC's Why will a patient with Polycythemia become Confused or Disoriented? - ....ANSWER...Increased Blood Viscosity (thickness) You have 5 patients. Who are you worried @ developing DIC? 1. Heat Stroke 2. Severe Pancreatitis 3. Term Delivery 4. HELLP Syndrome 5. Snake Bite - ....ANSWER...Heat stroke, severe pancreatitis, HELLP Syndrome, Snake Bite (All but Term Delivery) What does the Collagen in the Clotting Process Do? - ....ANSWER...Activate Platelets How do you diagnose ALL (Acute Lymphocytic Leukemia) ? - ....ANSWER...30% Lymphocytes in Blood or Bone Marrow What virus is linked to Burkett's Lymphoma? - ....ANSWER...EBV (Epstein Barr? What kind of Bleed do you suspect if pt has a + Keurnigs & + Bradinski's? - ...ANSWER...Subarachnoid What Neurotransmitter do Schizophrenics Lack? - ...ANSWER...GABA What Mood Disorder has DYSFN in Hypothalamic Pituitary Adrenal System? - ...ANSWER...Depression What is the Somogyi effect? - ...ANSWER...Occurs in diabetics when blood glucose levels drop too low in the middle of the night, the body tries to compensate by rebounding into hyperglycemia despite not eating and having hypoglycemia What does the Body use to Take something across A Cell Membrane? What does it need to transport enzymes or electrons? - ...ANSWER...Proteases What part of cell stops water soluble molecules from crossing over? - ...ANSWER...Phospholipid Bilayer (Not water permeable) What does it mean when we talk about the Absolute Refractory Period in the Cardiac Cycle? - ...ANSWER...Nothing can happen during the Absolute Refractory Period no mater what stimulus is thrown at the heart. Hypoglycemia, followed by rebound hyperglycemia, is observed in those with what? - ....ANSWER...Somogyi Effect What organic compound facilitates transportation across cell membranes by acting as receptors, transport channels for electrolytes, and enzymes to drive active pumps? - ....ANSWER...Proteins Which structure prevents water-soluble molecules from entering cells across the plasma membrane? - ....ANSWER...Lipid bilayer A student asks for an explanation of the absolute refractory period of the action potential. What response by the professor is best? - ....ANSWER...No stimulus is able to evoke another response at this time