ABFM EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ALL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

ABFM EXAM QUESTIONS WITH ALL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS Chlamydia trach s/s and lab - ANSWER- insidious onset, NO fever or wheezing, conjunctivitis Lab: eosinophilia Initial management of PCOS - ANSWER- lifestyle modification Metformin - may improve abnormal menstruation Small bone fragment at the dorsal surface of the proximal distal phalanx - ANSWERmallet fracture tx of mallet fracture - ANSWER- splinting the distal interphalangeal (DIP) joint in Extension, 8 weeks 30% of the intra-articular surface, referral to a hand or orthopedic surgeon can be considered Severe pain and skin changes outside the realm of cellulitis, including bullae and deeper Discoloration - ANSWER- necrotizing skin Labs to monitor when on amiodarone - ANSWER- TSH Have baseline thyroid function tests (free T4, TSH) with follow-up testing every 6 Months Term for painful period - ANSWER- dysmenorrhea Antipsychotic with risk of steven johnson syndrome - ANSWER- carbamazepine Lamotrigine - slowly inc dose to prevent SJS. started at a dosage of 25 mg daily and titrated every 2 weeks until the goal dosage is reached Strongest evidence for treatment, screening, or prevention strategies - ANSWERsystematic reviews, meta-analyses, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with consistent findings, or a single high-quality RCT Asymptomatic microscopic hematuria (AMH) defined as - ANSWER- ≥3 RBCs/hpf Which abx exacerbate prolonged QT syndrome - ANSWER- macrolides (azithromycin, erythromycin, etc) - interferes with the delayed rectifier potassium current, which results in the accumulation of potassium ions in cardiac myocytes and thereby delays cardiac repolarization. This leads to prolongation of the QT interval. Inhaled corticosteroids increase the risk of - ANSWER- bruising, candidal infection of the oropharynx, and pneumonia JNC 8 panel - first line treatment for hypertension in non-blacks - ANSWERACE/ARBs, thiazide, CCB polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) s/s - ANSWER- age 50, proximal muscle pain, inc ESR other s/s = fever, weight loss, malaise PMR labs - ANSWER- inc ESR and CRP = inflam CK wnl PMR tx and confirmation of dx - ANSWER- response to prednisone within 24-48 hours (since lab with inc ESR = inflam process - steroid should help) PMR associated with what dz - ANSWER- temporal arteritis glucose above normal drops sodium by how much? - ANSWER- 1.6 points for 100mg above normal glucose DLCO - ANSWER- extent to which oxygen passes from the air sacs of the lungs into the blood. acute, sharp chest pain relieved only by leaning forward, EKG shows diffuse ST elevations - ANSWER- acute pericarditis common causes of pericarditis - ANSWER- connective tissue disease, autoreactivity, or uremia empiric tx for pericarditis - ANSWER- colchicine or NSAID weight classification 2-18 years - ANSWER- BMI weight classification 0-2 years - ANSWER- weight-for-length ratio overweight 0-2 years - ANSWER- weight-for-length ratio exceeds the 95th percentile for their sex obese 0-2 years - ANSWER- none - term not used in under 2 years underweight 2-18 years - ANSWER- BMI falls below the 5th percentile healthy weight 2-18 years - ANSWER- BMI is between the 5th and 85th percentile overweight 2-18 years - ANSWER- BMI is between the 85th and 94th percentile obese 2-18 years - ANSWER- BMI is in the 95th or greater percentile severe or extreme overweight 2-18 years - ANSWER- BMI is at the 99th percentile or greater what medication can cause proximal muscle weakness + elevated CK - ANSWERStatin PMR vs statin myopathy - ANSWER- both cause proximal weakness CK elevated in statin myopathy and wnl in PMR mcc CAP in infant and school aged kids + tx - ANSWER- Strep pneumo - amoxicillin mcc CAP in adults + tx - ANSWER- Strep - amox Hemophilus Morexella - azithro mcc OSA in children + tx - ANSWER- enlarged tonsils and adenoids - Adenotonsillectomy is the primary treatment for most non-obese children criteria for diastolic HF - ANSWER- symptoms and signs consistent with heart failure (including dyspnea), a nondilated left ventricle with a preserved ejection fraction (³50%), and evidence of structural heart disease such as diastolic dysfunction on echocardiography Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) occurs most commonly during what age group - ANSWER- adolescent growth spurt (11-13 years of age for girls, 13-15 years of age for boys) Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) presentation - ANSWER- pain in the groin or anterior thigh, but also may present with pain referred to the knee Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, also known as avascular or aseptic necrosis of the femoral head age group - ANSWER- boys 4-8 years of age