PORTAGE LEARNING NURS 231 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2024/ 2025 Module 5 {LATEST UPDATE}

PORTAGE LEARNING NURS 231 PATHOPHYSIOLOGY 2024/ 2025 Module 5 {LATEST UPDATE} The respiratory system can be divided into what 2 structures? - ANSWER Conducting airways and respiratory tissues What are the levels of branching? - ANSWER Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveoli Where is the site of gas exchange? - ANSWER Alveoli What cells are in the alveolar epithelium? - ANSWER Type 1 and II alveolar cells, macrophages Describe what happens during inspiration and expiration: - ANSWER During inspiration, air is drawn into the lungs as the respiratory muscles expand the chest cavity. During expiration, air moves out of the lungs as the chest muscles relax and the chest cavity becomes smaller. What occurs with the diaphragm during inspiration and expiration? - ANSWER The diaphragm is the main muscle of inspiration. When the diaphragm contracts (inspiration), the chest expands. Upon expiration, the chest cavity decreases and pressure inside increases. What is lung compliance? What factors affect it? - ANSWER Lung compliance is the ease with which lungs can be inflated. Elastin, collagen, elastic recoil, and surface tension can affect lung compliance.