IAI Level 1 Test Prep QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS

IAI Level 1 Test Prep QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS This is the concept that as long as the light reflected from a single point in space enters the lens and remains a circle rather than coming together at the sensor as a specific point, the image will be out of focus. a. Circles of light b. Circles of focus c. Circles of confusion d. Circles of images - ANSWERS c. Circles of confusion The use of a large aperture setting results in a larger depth of field. a. True b. False - ANSWERS b. False RUVIS is the use of (shortwave/longwave) UV light to visualize untreated fingerprints. a. Shortwave b. Longwave - ANSWERS a. Shortwave Placing scales and evidence markers into the scene is considered scene alteration. a. True b. False - ANSWERS a. True What is the basic goal of crime scene processing? - ANSWERS Collection of the evidence and scene context in as pristine a condition as possible The police utilize five basic objectives in seeking their goals of preventing crime and disorder and protecting the life and liberty of their fellow citizens. Which two of the five objectives are more closely related to the crime scene investigation and why? - ANSWERS 1. Crime repression- conducting criminal investigation 2. Protection of personal liberty- consistent and respectful of the law Why is physical evidence more objective than testimonial evidence such as eyewitness accounts? - ANSWERS physical evidence doesn't lie or change The interpretive value of evidence is a function of what? - ANSWERS The full meaning of evidence is a function of time and the item's surroundings Chisum and Rynearson (1989) identified five ways in which context manifest itself in the crime scene. What are they? - ANSWERS 1. predictable effects 2. unpredictable effects 3. transitory effects 4. relational detail 5. functional detail Bevel and Gardner (2008) defined four questions that the investigator should ask about evidence. What are they? - ANSWERS 1. what is it? 2. what function did it serve? 3. what relationship does it have to any other items? 4. what does it tell us about time and sequencing? Describe and explain the forensic linkage triangle. - ANSWERS each item of evidence discovered is considered a mechanism in linking subject, scene, and victim Any good crime scene examination requires five key ingredients. What are they? - ANSWERS 1. knowledge 2. skills and tools 3. methodical approach 4. flexibility 5. coordinated effort Describe and explain the three crime scene integrity issues that the investigator considers. - ANSWERS 1. addition of material to scene 2. destruction of material in scene 3. movement of material in scene What is the standard that the investigator uses when pursing a solution to crime, and why is this standard necessary? - ANSWERS point of beyond a reasonable doubt Describe the differences between class and individual characteristics of evidence. - ANSWERS Class characteristics- allow item to be compared to a group individual characteristics- compare the item with specific object or person and include or exclude it as having originated from there Of the available methods for DNA analysis, which is the best for individualization in forensic work and why? - ANSWERS Short Tandem Repeat (STR) 1 in 6 billion both degraded and small samples could be examined 3Describe how tape is used to collect hair and fiber evidence at the crime scene. - ANSWERS adhesive side applied to surface repeatedly, attached to nonporous backing, submitted to lab (tape lift) When evaluating glass fractures for direction of force, which fragments can be used in the evaluation? - ANSWERS radial fractures present in the first concentric ring of glass fractures How is paint layering used to differentiate two paint samples, such as when comparing a paint sample from a hit-and-run to a suspect vehicle? - ANSWERS multiple layers of colors, makes more unique Comparison of soil sample is based on environmental variations from one sample to the next. What are some of the most significant forms of environmental variation? - ANSWERS environmental contamination, unique environmental settings, plant pollen How would evaluating crime scene evidence involving a pistol differ from that involving a revolver? - ANSWERS revolver- casings remain in cylinder (distinctive GSR pattern) pistol- casing ejected into scene, ejector marks Rifling refers to what two manufactured components of a barrel? - ANSWERS projections (lands)