SOP 3004 Exam 2 FSU Study With Complete Correct Answers

Classical conditioning - ANSWER-a type of learning in which one learns to link two or more stimuli and anticipate events We learn to like or dislike things because they are associated with things we already like or dislike. EXAMPLE; GOOD MOOD, TINDER EXAMPLE: Pavolov's Dogs 1. You have a natural (unconditioned) response to a stimulus 2. There is a separate stimulus that leads to no response 3. The two stimuli are paired together and become associated 4. The original response now occurs in the presence of the stimulus that originally had no response Operant conditioning - ANSWER-Learning occurs through reinforcement history (rewards and punishments) PUNISHMENTS decrease behavior REWARDS increase behavior Attitudes can be formed through being rewarded or punished Observational learning - ANSWER-We can learn by observing others When we see others punished, we learn to avoid those behaviors & attitudes When we see others rewarded, we engage in those behaviors and adopt those attitudes Heredity - ANSWER-Attitudes have a genetic component! Ex: Political and religious attitudes Genetically-influenced attitudes are especially strong and resistant to change 4 ways of attitude formation - ANSWER-Classical conditioning Operant conditioning Observational learning Heredity/Genetics Explicit attitudes - ANSWER-consciously endorsed and easily self-reported EX: you could tell someone whether or not you like math Implicit attitudes - ANSWER-(aka "automatic" attitudes) = involuntary, uncontrollable, and at times unconscious But measuring attitudes using self-report can be limiting in 2 ways: - ANSWER-1.Social desirability bias 2.People may not be fully aware of their attitudes Measuring Implicit Attitudes: - ANSWER-1.Implicit Association Task (IAT) - Calculates a reaction-time bias to classify targets as "good" or "bad" 2.Affective Misattribution Procedure (AMP) -Reveals preferences based on how pleasant you rate a neutral image after being primed with a target Why are strong attitudes resistant to change? - ANSWER-1. Commitment 2. Embeddedness Factors that influence whether a person's behavior will be consistent with his or her attitude: - ANSWER-1. Knowledge (Amount/Direct Exposure) 2. Personal relevance 3. Attitude accessibility 4. Behavioral intentions