Test Bank for Evolutionary Analysis 5th Edition by Jon C. Herron; Scott Freeman Chapter 1-20 Complete Guide

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, Test Bank for
Evolutionary Analysis 5th Edition by Herron Jon; Freeman Scott ISBN 9780321998378
Chapter 1-20
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Chapter 1 A Case for Evolutionary Thinking: Understanding HIV

1) In which of the following regions has AIDS killed the largest number of individuals?
A) India
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B) Sub-Saharan Africa
C) United States
D) China
E) United Kingdom
Answer: B
Section: 1.1
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Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

2) The HIV virus contains all of the following components except ________.
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A) integrase
B) double-stranded RNA
C) single-stranded RNA
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D) reverse transcriptase
E) protease
Answer: B
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Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
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3) The acronym HIV stands for which of the following?
A) human intercellular virus
B) human immune virus
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C) human immunodeficiency virus
D) human immunity virus
E) human immunodeficiency vector
Answer: C
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Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

4) Which of the following enzymes is responsible for transcribing viral RNA into DNA?
A) RNA polymerase
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B) reverse transcriptase
C) DNA polymerase
D) reverse integrase
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E) RNA duplicase
Answer: B
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

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, 5) The proteins that enable the HIV virus to bind to cells are typically CD4 and CCR5. On what
type of cells are these proteins typically observed?
A) plasma cells
B) dendritic cells
C) effector helper T cells
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D) memory helper T cells
E) both C and D
Answer: E
Section: 1.1
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Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

6) The AIDS phase of HIV infection begins when the concentration of CD4 T cells in the blood
drops below what concentration?
A) 2,000 cells per cubic millimeter
B) 1,000 cells per cubic millimeter
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C) 500 cells per cubic millimeter
D) 200 cells per cubic millimeter
E) No CD4 T cells are observed.
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Answer: D
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
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7) Which of the following drug categories are used to treat HIV infections?
A) integrase inhibitors
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B) protease inhibitors
C) reverse transcriptase inhibitors
D) DNAse inhibitors
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E) fusion inhibitors
Answer: D
Section: 1.2
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Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

8) Coreceptor inhibitors block HIV infection by preventing which of the following?
A) binding of the HIV virion onto the plasma membrane
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B) binding of the HIV virion onto the CCR5 receptor
C) binding of the HIV virion onto the gp120 protein
D) degrading the coreceptor so the virion cannot attach
E) binding of the HIV virion onto the CD4 receptor
Answer: B
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Section: 1.2
Skill: Application/Analysis
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9) What is the effect of the ∆32 allele of CCR5 on HIV binding?
A) appears on the surface of CD4 T cells, but the HIV virion is unable to infect the host cell
B) does not appear on the surface of CD4 T cells
C) appears on the surface of the CD4 T cells and inactivates the virion upon binding
D) interferes with binding of the virion to the CD4 receptor protein
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, E) appears on the surface of the CD4 T cells and causes the virion to lyse upon binding
Answer: B
Section: 1.3
Skill: Application/Analysis

10) The ∆32 allele of CCR5 is found at the highest frequency in which of the following
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populations?
A) Africans
B) Japanese
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C) North Americans
D) Europeans
E) South Americans
Answer: D
Section: 1.3
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
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11) HIV-1 is believed to have been transmitted to humans from which of the following
organisms?
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A) gorillas
B) sooty mangabeys
C) African green monkeys
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D) chimpanzees
E) baboons
Answer: D
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Section: 1.4
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
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12) HIV-1 Group M is responsible for 95% of human infections. When is it estimated that HIV-1
Group M was transferred to humans?
A) 1980
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B) 1960
C) 1930
D) 1995
E) 1900
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Answer: C
Section: 1.4
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension

13) Antibodies and killer T cells recognize HIV or HIV-infected cells by binding to short pieces
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of viral proteins displayed on the virus or the infected host cell. These short pieces of viral
proteins are called ________.
A) coat proteins
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B) virosomes
C) proteosomes
D) epitopes
E) episomes
Answer: D
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