JBL EMT Exam Questions and Answers Verified A Score

JBL EMT Exam Questions and Answers Verified A Score Your primary assessment of an elderly woman reveals that she is conscious and alert, but is experiencing difficulty breathing. She has a history of emphysema, hypertension, and congestive heart failure. As you assess the patient's circulatory status, you should direct your partner to: A) perform a head-to-toe secondary assessment. B) assess her oxygen saturation and blood pressure. C) retrieve the stretcher and prepare for transport. D) administer oxygen with the appropriate device. - D In addition to looking for severe bleeding, assessment of circulation in the conscious patient should involve: A) palpating the carotid pulse to determine the approximate rate and checking capillary refill time. B) taking a blood pressure and determining if the patient is alert and oriented or confused. C) applying a pulse oximeter probe to the finger to determine if peripheral perfusion is adequate. D) checking the radial pulse and noting the color, temperature, and condition of the skin. - D When caring for a patient who takes numerous medications, it is best to: A) document the medications on your patient care report, but leave them at home so they do not get misplaced. B) take all of the patient's medications with you to the hospital and document them on your patient care report. C) send the patient's medications to the hospital with a family member or other person who will safeguard them. D) let the hospital staff retrieve the patient's medical records, which should show a list of his or her current medications. - B The secondary assessment of a medical patient: A) should routinely include a comprehensive examination from head to toe. B) should be performed at the scene, especially if the patient is critically ill. C) is not practical if the patient is critically ill or your transport time is short. D) is typically limited to a focused exam for patients who are unconscious. - C When performing a secondary assessment on a conscious patient with nontraumatic abdominal pain and stable vital signs, you should: A) focus on his or her chief complaint. B) examine the patient from head to toe. C) prepare the patient for transport first. D) only palpate tender areas of the abdomen. - A Which of the following assessment findings is MOST indicative of a cardiovascular problem? A) Unequal breath sounds B) Jugular venous distention C) Use of the accessory muscles D) Palpable pain to the epigastrium - B Assessment of a patient's blood pressure with an automatic BP cuff reveals that it is 204/120 mm Hg. The patient is conscious and alert and denies any symptoms. The EMT should: A) obtain a manual blood pressure. B) prepare for immediate transport. C) conclude that she has hypertension. D) reassess her blood pressure in 5 minutes - A End-tidal carbon dioxide (ETCO2) monitoring is clearly indicated for patients who present with: A) headache. B) abdominal pain. C) high blood pressure. D) respiratory distress. - D Reassessment of a patient with a medical complaint should begin by: A) reassessing the nature of illness. B) taking another set of vital signs. C) repeating the primary assessment. D) reviewing all treatment performed. - C Which of the following medications would the EMT be LEAST likely to administer to a patient with a medical complaint? A) Aspirin B) Ibuprofen C) Albuterol D) Oral glucose - B Patients with tuberculosis pose the greatest risk for transmitting the disease when they: A) cough. B) vomit. C) are bleeding. D) have a fever. - A In contrast to viral hepatitis, toxin-induced hepatitis: A) is not a communicable disease. B) typically does not cause yellow skin. C) is a far more transmittable disease. D) can be prevented with a vaccination. - A Which of the following statements regarding methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is correct? A) Most cases of MRSA transmission occur following an accidental needlestick. B) MRSA is a bacterium that causes infections and is resistant to most antibiotics. C) The communicable period for MRSA is 10 days to 2 weeks after being infected. D) Studies have shown that fewer than 1% of health care providers are MRSA carriers. - B Dyspnea is MOST accurately defined as: A) shortness of breath or difficulty breathing. B) a complete cessation of respiratory effort. C) a marked increase in the exhalation phase. D) labored breathing with reduced tidal volume. - A When the level of arterial carbon dioxide rises above normal: A) the brain stem inhibits respirations. B) respirations increase in rate and depth. C) exhalation lasts longer than inhalation. D) respirations decrease in rate and depth. - B An alert patient presents with a regular pattern of inhalation and exhalation and breath sounds that are clear and equal on both sides of the chest. These findings are consistent with: A) an obstructed airway. B) adequate air exchange. C) respiratory difficulty. D) respiratory insufficiency. - B Which of the following statements regarding the hypoxic drive is correct? A) The hypoxic drive stimulates a person to breathe on the basis of low oxygen levels. B) Chronic carbon dioxide elimination often results in activation of the hypoxic drive. C) The hypoxic drive serves as the primary stimulus for breathing in healthy individuals. D) 100% supplemental oxygen will always cause apnea in patients with a hypoxic drive. - A When administering supplemental oxygen to a hypoxemic patient with a chronic lung disease, you should: A) recall that most patients with chronic lung diseases are stimulated to breathe by increased carbon dioxide levels. B) adjust the flow rate accordingly until you see symptom improvement, but be prepared to assist his or her ventilations. C) begin with a low oxygen flow rate, even if the patient is unresponsive, because high-flow oxygen may depress his or her breathing. D) avoid positive-pressure ventilation because the majority of patients with chronic lung disease are at increased risk for lung trauma. - B Acute pulmonary edema would MOST likely develop as the result of: A) right-sided heart failure. B) severe hyperventilation. C) toxic chemical inhalation. D) an upper airway infection. - C Which of the following statements regarding anaphylaxis is correct? A) Patients with asthma are at lower risk of developing anaphylaxis. B) Anaphylaxis is characterized by airway swelling and hypotension. C) Most anaphylactic reactions occur within 60 minutes of exposure. D) The signs of anaphylaxis are caused by widespread vasoconstriction. - B Hyperventilation could be associated with all of the following, EXCEPT: A) a narcotic overdose. B) a respiratory infection. C) an overdose of aspirin. D) high blood glucose levels. - A Alkalosis is a condition that occurs when: A) blood acidity is reduced by excessive breathing. B) dangerous acids accumulate in the bloodstream. C) the level of carbon dioxide in the blood increases. D) slow, shallow breathing eliminates too much carbon dioxide. - A Common signs and symptoms of acute hyperventilation syndrome include: A) altered mental status and bradycardia. B) unilateral paralysis and slurred speech. C) anxiety, dizziness, and severe bradypnea. D) tachypnea and tingling in the extremities - D You are dispatched to an apartment complex where a 21-year-old female has apparently overdosed on several narcotic medications. She is semiconscious and has slow, shallow respirations. You should: A) insert an oropharyngeal airway and perform oral suctioning. B) apply oxygen via a nonrebreathing mask and transport at once. C) insert a nasopharyngeal airway and begin assisted ventilation. D) place her in the recovery position and monitor for vomiting. - C A 22-year-old female patient is complaining of dyspnea and numbness and tingling in her hands and feet after an argument with her fiancé. Her respirations are 40 breaths/min. You should: A) have her breathe into a paper or plastic bag. B) provide reassurance and give oxygen as needed. C) request a paramedic to give her a sedative. D) position her on her left side and transport at once. - B A 62-year-old man with a history of congestive heart failure presents with severe respiratory distress and with an oxygen saturation of 82%. When you auscultate his lungs, you hear widespread rales. He is conscious and alert, is able to follow simple commands, and can only speak in two- to three-word sentences at a time. You should: A) place him in a position of comfort, deliver oxygen via nasal cannula, and closely monitor his breathing. B) apply a CPAP device, monitor his blood pressure, and observe him for signs of improvement or deterioration. C) force fluid from his alveoli by hyperventilating him with a bag-valve mask at a rate of at least 20 breaths/min. D) place him in a supine position and assist his ventilations with a bag-valve mask and high-flow oxygen. - B